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PublicationRenewable heating and cooling pathways - Towards full decarbonisation by 2050. Final report(Publication Office of the European Union, 2023)
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PublicationOverview of heating and cooling. Perceptions, markets and regulatory frameworks for decarbonisation. Executive summary(Publications Office of the European Union, 2023)
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PublicationOverview of heating and cooling. Perceptions, markets and regulatory frameworks for decarbonisation. Final report(Publications Office of the European Union, 2023)
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PublicationOverview of heating and cooling. Perceptions, markets and regulatory frameworks for decarbonisation. Deliverable 1, Meta-study on factors governing decisions in H&C (Task 1)The objective was to provide a literature review of scientific publications examining decision and imple-mentation factors of H&C technologies that contribute to H&C decarbonisation in the residential, in-dustrial and public sectors. The decision and implementation factors with respect to renewable or energy efficient H&C technologies differ among the various actors with respect to their significance as they are influenced by different drivers, such as regulatory, economic, environmental, social or cultural factors. For the purpose of this study, a meta-analysis was carried out. Publications were selected that deal with H&C technologies (renewable energies or energy efficiency) and have a focus on heat pumps (HP) and district heating and cooling (DHC). Further, respective key actors and their preferences and perceptions, as well as with drivers and decision-making factors regarding heat generation and consumption were selection criteria. Based on these criteria, 130 publications were identified and analysed.
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PublicationPreferred design elements of the energy transition - from the perspective of householdsIn light of the increasing climate change, policy makers have set ambitious targets for greenhouse gas emission. To achieve these targets, it is necessary to speed up the installation of renewable wind and solar power plants. This dynamic calls for an accelerated planning and permitting process with low resistance from citizens. To ensure a high acceptance of the energy transition, it is important to understand which design elements or characteristics, objectives or impacts of the energy transition are more or less preferred by citizens. This study therefore investigates what the preferred design elements for a fair and secure energy transition of German households look like. Based on literature and Energy Union objectives and policies, key dimensions are identified and then described by design elements. The dimensions are: the form of burden sharing of energy transition costs (distributional aspects), actions with respect to investment in and consumption of energy, the origin and security of energy supply and policies for a sustainable energy transition. To identify the favoured design elements, we applied a conjoint analysis. In an online survey conducted among 2000 German citizens, the respondents were asked to choose between two designs of the energy transition that are described by a design element per dimension. The results show that German households favour the polluter-pays rule for burden sharing, a regional energy supply to ensure supply security, information and appeals as policy instruments to promote the energy transition. Regarding actions, households opt for installing private photovoltaics. At the level of dimensions, the approval and refusal of the suggested burden sharing mechanisms were larger than those of the suggested energy supply design elements.
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PublicationEnergy transition: financial participation and preferred design elements of German citizensThis paper investigates the relation between financial participation and preferences for design elements as well as attitudes towards the energy transition. The design elements are used to characterise dimensions of the energy transition. Based on a survey of more than 1000 German citizens, we find significant differences in attitudes and preferences for design elements of the energy transition between respondents who financially participate and those that do not. We further learn that energy justice is important, but is less supported in case that subsidies of disadvantaged consumers lead to higher burdens for the remaining society.
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PublicationDirect Air Carbon Capture and Storage. Ein Gamechanger in der Klimapolitik?(Fraunhofer ISI, 2023)
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PublicationScenarios of a desirable and fair energy transitionThe paper was created in the context of the project Akzept and focuses on the description of the scenario process and its results in the form of three scenarios for a desirable energy transition. The project aimed at analysing the influence of participation, communication, and selected socio-economic criteria on the acceptance of the energy transition. The impact of self-supply of electricity and membership in a citizen energy initiative on the acceptance of the energy transition by those who did not participate in this way was also studied. The team conducted two scenario workshops to describe future designs of the energy transition as well as the needs and preferences of society in the form of various future scenarios. One workshop included persons who participated in the form of self-supply or membership in energy initiatives, while the other workshop aimed at so-called non-participants with a general interest in the topic of energy. The workshops comprised a combination of different activities, brainstorming, and discussions in small groups, and contributed to ensure engagement of participants with very different backgrounds throughout the scenario development. The scope for the scenario process was formed by important topics related to the energy transition that can be divided into three groups: individual engagement and decisions, energy transition in the broader context, and involvement as well as decisions in general. The energy transition can be achieved along three different paths, so-called scenarios: bottom-up, acceleration, and passive. The bottom-up scenario emphasises decentralised energy production with transparency and fairness, allowing for genuine participation and co-determination of citizens. It involves many small plants for energy production and allows for self-consumption, with low barriers for citizens to participate. The acceleration scenario prioritises rapid implementation and focuses on becoming independent from energy imports. It places a strong emphasis on regulations, and companies that emit high levels of CO2 have to pay a high price for their emissions. The passive scenario is characterised by a low level of interest from citizens, who display weak acceptance towards the energy transition. Information and transparency are not important, and the government is responsible for deciding on how to achieve the energy transition. The transition occurs at low cost, and energy utilities provide renewable energy at low prices.
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PublicationDirect Air Carbon Capture and Storage. A game changer in climate policy?(Fraunhofer ISI, 2023)
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PublicationOverview of heating and cooling. Perceptions, markets and regulatory frameworks for decarbonisation. Deliverable 2, Perception and image of H&C technologies by current district heating and heat pump users and non-users from industrial, residential and public sector (Task 2)(Publications Office of the European Union, 2023)
