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PublicationA reference model for common understanding of capabilities and skills in manufacturing( 2023)In manufacturing, many use cases of Industrie 4.0 require vendor-neutral and machine-interpretable information models to describe, implement and execute resource functions. Such models have been researched under the terms capabilities and skills. Standardization of such models is required, but currently not available. This paper presents a reference model developed jointly by members of various organizations in a working group of the Plattform Industrie 4.0. This model covers definitions of most important aspects of capabilities and skills. It can be seen as a basis for further standardization efforts.
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PublicationClassification of Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma Using MALDI Mass Spectrometry Imaging Combined with Neural Networks( 2023)Despite numerous diagnostic and therapeutic advances, pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) has a high mortality rate, and is the fourth leading cause of cancer death in developing countries. Besides its increasing prevalence, pancreatic malignancies are characterized by poor prognosis. Omics technologies have potential relevance for PDAC assessment but are time-intensive and relatively cost-intensive and limited by tissue heterogeneity. Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry imaging (MALDI-MSI) can obtain spatially distinct peptide-signatures and enables tumor classification within a feasible time with relatively low cost. While MALDI-MSI data sets are inherently large, machine learning methods have the potential to greatly decrease processing time. We present a pilot study investigating the potential of MALDI-MSI in combination with neural networks, for classification of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Neural-network models were trained to distinguish between pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma and other pancreatic cancer types. The proposed methods are able to correctly classify the PDAC types with an accuracy of up to 86% and a sensitivity of 82%. This study demonstrates that machine learning tools are able to identify different pancreatic carcinoma from complex MALDI data, enabling fast prediction of large data sets. Our results encourage a more frequent use of MALDI-MSI and machine learning in histopathological studies in the future.
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PublicationBoron Nitride-Graphene (BN-G) Bilayer as a Channel of Graphene Based Field Effect Transistor( 2023)According to the effect of the interlayer interaction of the boron nitride sheet on electronic properties, especially the energy band gap of the graphene sheet in the boron nitride-graphene (BN-G) bilayer, we propose a gapless graphene-based field effect transistor (FET). It is comprised of a boron nitride layer on top of graphene in the channel region. In this study, we investigate the transfer characteristic and output characteristic of the proposed device for different values of the interlayer distance of (BN-G) bilayer. Also, we compare the output results with simulated bilayer graphene channel FET. We find that the Ion/Ioff ratio in the proposed device shows a significant promotion compared to graphene bilayer channel FET. Our first-principles calculations show that by decreasing the inter-layer distance of (BN-G) bilayer, the energy gap increase which leads to a dipper Ioff current and an increase of Ion/Ioff ratio up to 104 for an inter-layer distance of 2.7 angstroms. Moreover, it is found that the proposed device output characteristic displays a very good saturation due to improved pinch-off of the channel.
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PublicationRisankizumab improved health-related quality of life, fatigue, pain and work productivity in psoriatic arthritis: results of KEEPsAKE 1( 2023)OBJECTIVES: PsA is a heterogeneous disease that impacts many aspects of social and mental life, including quality of life. Risankizumab, an antagonist specific for IL-23, is currently under investigation for the treatment of adults with active PsA. This study evaluated the impact of risankizumab vs placebo on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and other patient-reported outcomes (PROs) among patients with active PsA and inadequate response or intolerance to conventional synthetic DMARD (csDMARD-IR) in the KEEPsAKE 1 trial. METHODS: Adult patients with active PsA (n = 964) were randomized (1:1) to receive risankizumab 150 mg or placebo. PROs assessed included the 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36, v2), Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy-Fatigue (FACIT-Fatigue), EuroQoL-5 Dimension-5 Level (EQ-5D-5L), Patient's Assessment of Pain, Patient's Global Assessment (PtGA) of Disease Activity, and Work Productivity and Activity Impairment-PsA (WPAI-PsA) questionnaire. Least squares (LS) mean change from baseline at week 24 was compared between risankizumab and placebo. RESULTS: At week 24, differences between groups were observed using LS mean changes from baseline in SF-36 physical component summary and mental component summary; FACIT-Fatigue; EQ-5D-5L; Patient's Assessment of Pain; PtGA; all eight SF-36 domains (all nominal P < 0.001); and the WPAI-PsA domains of impairment while working (presenteeism), overall work impairment and activity impairment (all nominal P < 0.01). CONCLUSION: Risankizumab treatment resulted in greater improvements in HRQoL, fatigue, pain and work productivity in patients with active PsA who have csDMARD-IR, when compared with placebo. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov, https://clinicaltrials.gov, NCT03675308.
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Publication3D Printable Hybrid Gel Made of Polymer Surface-Modified Cellulose Nanofibrils Prepared by Surface-Initiated Controlled Radical Polymerization (SI-SET-LRP) and Upconversion Luminescent Nanoparticles( 2023)A cellulose nanofibril-based hybrid gel material was developed by grafting the polymerized stearyl acrylate (PSA) and upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) onto cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs) via Cu0-mediated radical polymerization (SET-LRP) to create a highly cross-linked CNF system. A two-step strategy was exploited to surface-exchange the ligand of the UCNPs from a hydrophobic ligand (oleic acid) to a hydrophilic small-molecule ligand (2-acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid, AMPS) and therefore be suitable for SET-LRP. The characteristics and properties of the hybrid material (UCNP-PSA-CNF) were monitored by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), rheology, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and microscopic analysis. Those characterization techniques prove the efficient modification of the CNF, with the presence of 1.8% UCNPs. The luminescence measurement was carried out using a homebuilt confocal microscope with a 980 nm laser source. The nanostructure of UCNPs and their incorporated CNF species were measured by small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS). In addition, this CNF-based hybrid gel has decisive rheological properties, such as good viscoelasticity (loss tangent was below 0.35 for the UCNP-PSA-CNF gel, while the PSA-CNF gel reached the highest value of 0.42), shear-thinning behavior, and shape retention, and was successfully applied to three-dimensional (3D) gel printing throughout various 3D print models.
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PatentVERFAHREN ZUR HERSTELLUNG VON ADAPTRONISCHEN MIKROSYSTEMEN( 2003)(A2) Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Herstellung von adaptronischen Mikrosystemen, bei dem ein oder mehrere Wandlerelemente (2) in eine Matrix (1) eingebettet und ein oder mehrere Ansteuerelemente (3) zur Ansteuerung und/oder zum UEbertragen von Signalen der Wandlerelemente (2) auf die Matrix (1) aufgebracht oder in die Matrix (1) eingebracht werden. Das Aufbringen oder Einbringen der Ansteuerelemente (3), auf bzw. in die Matrix (1) erfolgt durch loesbares Verbinden der Ansteuerelemente (3) mit einer ersten Oberflaeche eines Transfertraegers (4), Auf- bzw. Einbringen des Transfertraegers (4) mit den Ansteuerelementen (3) auf bzw. in die Matrix (1) und anschliessendes Abziehen des Transfertraegers (4). Durch das vorliegende Verfahren lassen sich adaptronische Mikrosysteme mit eingebetteten Ansteuerelementen realisieren, die insbesondere fuer die Herstellung von Prepeg-Modulen geeignet sind.
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PatentTransparenter waermegedaemmter Bioreaktor( 1994)The invention relates to a bioreactor, comprising a reactor vessel, supply and return lines and, if necessary, a heating device, whereby at least one part of the outer surface of the reactor is provided with a cover made of a transparent heat insulation layer.
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PublicationEinsatz von Leitstandsystemen im Rahmen der Produktionsplanung und -steuerung( 1991)Der Einsatz neuer Organisationskonzepte und moderner Techniken läßt in vielen Produktionsunternehmen autonome Fertigungsbereiche entstehen, die eine eigene EDV-Unterstützung fordern. Diese sollte die kurzfristige Fertigungsplanung und -steuerung der einzelnen Fertigungsbereiche übernehmen, um bestehende PPS-Systeme zu ergänzen, da herkömmliche, zentralorientierte PPS-Systeme diesen Aufgabenbereich mit ihrem Funktionsurnfang nicht abdecken. Dieser Problematik wird das integrationsfähige, dezentrale Fertigungsleitsystem (Fertigungsleitstand) gerecht, welches einerseits die gestellten kurzfristigen Planungs-, Steuerungs- und Überwachungsaufgaben erfüllt, und andererseits die Durchsetzung der PPS- System-Vorgaben unterstützt. Ein solches Leitstandsystem stellt somit das Bindeglied zwischen der PPS-Ebene und einem autonomen Fertigungsbereich dar.
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