Fraunhofer-Publica
The Fraunhofer-Publica has been successfully documenting the research results of the Fraunhofer Gesellschaft for over 30 years. The platform enables the collaborative linking of research-relevant objects and disseminates within the international scientific community.
The Fraunhofer-Publica thus fulfils its responsibility to promote the transfer of knowledge and know-how to industry and society.
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Research outputs
As an application-oriented research organisation, Fraunhofer aims to conduct highly innovative and solution-oriented research - for the benefit of society and to strengthen the German and European economy.
Projects
Fraunhofer is tackling the current challenges facing industry head on. By pooling their expertise and involving industrial partners at an early stage, the Fraunhofer Institutes involved in the projects aim to turn original scientific ideas into marketable products as quickly as possible.
Researchers
Scientific achievement and practical relevance are not opposites - at Fraunhofer they are mutually dependent. Thanks to the close organisational links between Fraunhofer Institutes and universities, science at Fraunhofer is conducted at an internationally first-class level.
Institutes
The Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft is the leading organisation for applied research in Europe. Institutes and research facilities work under its umbrella at various locations throughout Germany.
Recent Additions
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PublicationHigh heparanase level in survivors of covid-19 - Indicator of vascular and pulmonary recovery?( 2022)Background: Severe progression of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) causes respiratory failure and critical illness. Recently, COVID-19 has been associated with heparanase (HPSE)-induced endothelial barrier dysfunction and inflammation, so called endothelitis, and therapeutic treatment with heparin or low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) targeting HPSE has been postulated. Because, up to this date, clinicians are unable to measure the severity of endothelitis, which can lead to multiorgan failure and concomitant death, we investigated plasma levels of HPSE and heparin-binding protein (HBP) in COVID-19 intensive care patients to render a possible link between endothelitis and these plasma parameters. Therefore, a prospective prolonged cohort study was conducted, including 47 COVID-19 patients from the intensive care unit. Plasma levels of HPSE, and HBP were measured daily by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in survivors (n = 35) and nonsurvivors (n = 12) of COVID-19 from admission until discharge or death. All patients were either treated with heparin or LMWH, aiming for an activated partial thromboplastin time of ≥60 seconds or an anti-Xa level of >0.8 IU/mL using enoxaparin, depending on the clinical status of the patient (patients with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation or >0.1 μg/kg/min noradrenaline received heparin, all others enoxaparin). Results: We found significantly higher plasma levels of HPSE and HBP in survivors and nonsurvivors of COVID-19, compared with healthy controls. Still, interestingly, plasma HPSE levels were significantly higher (P < 0.001) in survivors compared with nonsurvivors of COVID-19. In contrast, plasma HBP levels were significantly reduced (P < 0.001) in survivors compared with nonsurvivors of COVID-19. Furthermore, when patients received heparin, they had significantly lower HPSE (P = 2.22e - 16) and significantly higher HBP (P = 0.00013) plasma levels as when they received LMWH. Conclusion: Our results demonstrated that patients, who recover from COVID-19-induced vascular and pulmonary damage and were discharged from the intensive care unit, have significantly higher plasma HPSE level than patients who succumb to COVID-19. Therefore, HPSE is not suitable as marker for disease severity in COVID-19 but maybe as marker for patient's recovery. In addition, patients receiving therapeutic heparin treatment displayed significantly lower heparanse plasma level than upon therapeutic treatment with LMWH.
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PublicationCross-talk between red blood cells and plasma influences blood flow and omics phenotypes in severe COVID-19( 2022)Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is caused by the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and can affect multiple organs, among which is the circula-tory system. Inflammation and mortality risk markers were previously detected in COVID-19 plasma and red blood cells (RBCs) metabolic and proteomic profiles. Additionally, biophysical properties, such as deformability, were found to be changed during the infection. Based on such data, we aim to better characterize RBC functions in COVID-19. We evaluate the flow properties of RBCs in severe COVID-19 patients admitted to the intensive care unit by using microfluidic techniques and automated methods, including artificial neural networks, for an unbiased RBC analysis. We find strong flow and RBC shape impairment in COVID-19 samples and demonstrate that such changes are reversible upon suspension of COVID-19 RBCs in healthy plasma. Vice versa, healthy RBCs resemble COVID-19 RBCs when suspended in COVID-19 plasma. Proteomics and metabolomics analyses allow us to detect the effect of plasma exchanges on both plasma and RBCs and demonstrate a new role of RBCs in maintaining plasma equilibria at the expense of their flow properties. Our findings provide a framework for further investigations of clinical relevance for therapies againsCOVID-19 and possibly other infectious diseases.
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PublicationBiology of house dust mites and storage mites( 2022)House dust mites and storage mites have a high allergenic potential and lead to sensitization through the formation of specific IgE antibodies. Due to their preferred residence in houses, they belong to the group of house mites, which are referred to as "domestic mites" in English. Their anatomy and biology account for their amazing adaptability to changing environmental situations (including temperature, humidity, food) and make it understandable that measures to reduce their abundance are usually difficult to implement in practice.
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PublicationFrühjahrstreffen 2019 des AK FTI der DeGEval. Methodische Herausforderungen und Lösungsansätze der Evaluation im Politikfeld FTI( 2019)Am 18. Juni 2019 fand das diesjährige Frühjahrstreffen des AK FTI der DeGEval in Berlin statt. Es stellte methodische Herausforderungen und neue Herangehensweisen in den Mittelpunkt. Etwa 35 Teilnehmerinnen und Teilnehmer aus Evaluationseinrichtungen, Ministerien und Projektträgern diskutierten anhand aktueller Projektbeispiele.
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PublicationÜberprüfung des Mastercurve-Konzepts zur Sprödbruchbewertung ferritischer Stähle( 2006)Im Rahmen eines durch das Bundesministerium für Wirtschaft und Arbeit geförderten Forschungsprogramms wurde der Mastercurve-Ansatz zur probabilistischen Bewertung der Sprödbruchsicherheit von Komponenten aus ferritischen Stähle überprüft. Hierzu wurde ein experimentelles Programm an Hand des Druckbehälterstahls 22NiMoCr37 mit begleitenden numerischen Simulationsrechnungen durchgeführt. Die wesentlichen Grundannahmen des Konzepts bezüglich des Einflusses der Temperatur, der Rissfrontlänge sowie die stochastischen Grundlagen werden bestätigt. Zur Berücksichtigung der Spannungsmehrachsigkeit wird eine Constraint-Korrektur unter Verwendung verschiedener zweiparametriger Bruchkonzepte vorgeschlagen. Daneben wird vergleichend das Beremin-Modell zur probabilistischen Sprödbruchanalyse auf der Basis der lokalen Felder angewendet.