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  4. Time Series Model for Wind Turbine Losses: Assessing Regional and Temporal Variability, Loss Interactions, and Market Values
 
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2026
Journal Article
Title

Time Series Model for Wind Turbine Losses: Assessing Regional and Temporal Variability, Loss Interactions, and Market Values

Abstract
National assessments of wind power losses typically rely on static loss factors and focus on annual energy production (AEP), implicitly assuming a one-to-one correspondence between energetic losses and their economic significance. This paper challenges this assumption by applying a time-resolved, national-scale loss modeling framework to the German onshore wind fleet for the year 2024, simulating all turbines at 10-minute resolution to quantify losses due to wake, noise-related curtailment, and bat protection measures, including their interactions. We find that wake losses dominate energetically, while those from noise and bat curtailment are smaller in magnitude. Accounting for interactions demonstrates that the combined loss differs from the sum of individual contributions. By weighting losses with hourly day-ahead electricity prices, we introduce the loss market value (LMV) as a metric to assess their economic relevance. The results show that energetic magnitude and economic relevance are largely decoupled: wake losses exhibit an LMV close to unity (≈ 1.1), whereas bat curtailment shows a substantially higher LMV (≈ 1.5). Noise-related losses are concentrated in low-price night hours, resulting in an LMV below unity (≈ 0.8).
Author(s)
Rieß, Barbara  
Fraunhofer-Institut für Energiewirtschaft und Energiesystemtechnik IEE  
Hirschmann, Johannes
Fraunhofer-Institut für Energiewirtschaft und Energiesystemtechnik IEE  
Callies, Doron  
Fraunhofer-Institut für Energiewirtschaft und Energiesystemtechnik IEE  
Basse, Alexander  
Fraunhofer-Institut für Energiewirtschaft und Energiesystemtechnik IEE  
Michaelis, Luis
Fraunhofer-Institut für Energiewirtschaft und Energiesystemtechnik IEE  
Braun, Martin
Fraunhofer-Institut für Energiewirtschaft und Energiesystemtechnik IEE  
Pauscher, Lukas  
Fraunhofer-Institut für Energiewirtschaft und Energiesystemtechnik IEE  
Journal
Journal of physics. Conference series  
Project(s)
Entwicklung von Methoden zur Bewertung von Windenergieflächen unter Berücksichtigung von Restriktionen; Teilvorhaben: Entwicklung von Verfahren zur verbesserten Ertrags- und Leistungsabschätzung  
Entwicklung von Methoden zur Bewertung von Windenergieflächen unter Berücksichtigung von Restriktionen; Teilvorhaben: Restriktions- und Flächenanalyse, Leistungs- und Platzierungsmodellierung, Nachverdichtung  
Funder
Bundesministerium für Wirtschaft und Energie  
Bundesministerium für Wirtschaft und Energie  
Conference
International Conference "The Science of Making Torque from Wind" 2026  
Open Access
File(s)
Download (1.59 MB)
Rights
CC BY 4.0: Creative Commons Attribution
DOI
10.1088/1742-6596/3224/2/022022
10.24406/publica-9279
Additional link
Full text
Language
English
Fraunhofer-Institut für Energiewirtschaft und Energiesystemtechnik IEE  
Keyword(s)
  • yield losses

  • economic losses

  • time series

  • onshore

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