Characterization of Structure, Properties, and Energetic Performance of a 1:1 Ammonium Dinitramide‐3,4‐Diaminofurazan Cocrystal

The phase-pure synthesis of the energetic cocrystal [NH4]+ ● [N3O4]- ● [C2H4N4O], namely 3,4-diaminofurazan C2H4N4O (DAF) and ammonium dinitramide (ADN) in the molar ratio 1:1 from an ethanol solution is reported. Its characterization by spectroscopic and thermal stability measurements as well as its crystal structure (space group Pbca, a = 7.046 Å b = 12.428 Å c = 19.649 Å) were obtained. The cocrystal shows an improved thermal stability (melting point peak temperature 127°C vs. 93°C ADN) and better insensitivity towards mechanical stimuli compared to pure ADN. Upon heating, the material shows no decomposition reactions up to 135°C, in contrast to the strong, self-accelerating decomposition reactions in pure ADN at approximately 65°C and 115°C. The cocrystal enables improved dinitramide-based energetic formulations and new coating possibilities for ADN prills. In combustion experiments with glycidyl azide polymer (GAP) based formulations, the cocrystal shows 2.5 to 5 times faster regression rates compared to carbamoylguanidinium dinitramide and nitroguanidine.