Behavioural measures for energy efficiency: key findings and policy advice from the NUDGE project

This paper places focus on the innovative findings and forward looking policy suggestions stemming from the Horizon 2020 NUDGE project. NUDGE has been instrumental in investi gating the effectiveness of behavioural strategies to enhance energy efficiency through the implementation of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in various residential buildings, in en ergy communities, and schools across five EU Member States. The project provides valuable insights, particularly on the effec tiveness of innovative behavioural policy measures and inter ventions, with a focus on their impact in the current context of an external energy crisis. Embracing core behavioural science concepts, NUDGE employed diverse methodologies and tools to dissect participant behaviours. This thorough approach led to the creation of user profiles, tailored nudging strategies, and a rigorous analysis of their impact. The research incorporated data from user feedback and modern sensor technologies such as smart meters, mobile applications, and indoor air quality sensors in real-world experimental settings. The project’s extensive re search and experimental efforts have yielded policy recommen dations applicable to both governmental and private entities. Notably, this work has been crucial in evaluating the potential integration of behavioural nudges into the policy frameworks of the EU and national decision-makers, providing key insights into their practicality and constraints, especially in times of energy crises. The paper explores the key takeaways from ap plying nudges, emphasizing significant outcomes, pinpointing areas for ongoing research, and outlining policy advice to boost energy efficiency amidst dynamic consumption patterns and the need for effective monitoring and evaluation in the context of external policy impacts.