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2024
Conference Paper
Title
From policy to action: assessing the effectiveness of heating and cooling plans - a case study on heating and cooling plans of municipalities in Baden-Württemberg, Germany
Abstract
Strategic heating and cooling (H&C) planning has been rec ognized as an effective tool for driving the decarbonization of
heating and cooling systems in urban areas. Consequently, the revised Energy Efficiency Directive (EED) now mandates mu nicipal heating and cooling planning for municipalities with a population exceeding 45,000. Similarly, in Baden-Württem berg, a federal state in Germany, a comparable law has been in effect since 2020, requiring the development of heating plans by the end of 2023. Approximately 100 municipalities in Baden-Württemberg are subject to this legislation. The main target of these heating and cooling plans is to devise action strategies and measures to enhance energy efficiency, as well as provide climate neutral heating supply. Notably, this law stipulates that at least five measures must be specified in the heating plans, with implementation starting within five years after development of the heat plan at the latest. This paper ex amines the heat plans published in Baden-Württemberg until December 2023, with a focus on the proposed implementa tion measures. The aim is to evaluate the effectiveness of these measures in reducing greenhouse gas emissions. To achieve this, we categorize the measures into six different areas of ac tion and three levels of intensity. The results indicate that the majority of measures are planned within the area of action
District heating and cooling and waste heat, while the fewest measures are found in the area Planning and conception. In
the areas of action Increasing efficiency and renovating build ings and Feasibility studies, predominantly minor measures
are employed, suggesting that the emphasis is not on improv ing energy efficiency and thus reducing heat demand. The
findings of this study can assist policymakers and stakeholders in developing effective heating and cooling plans, thereby fa cilitating the decarbonization of heating and cooling systems in urban areas.
heating and cooling systems in urban areas. Consequently, the revised Energy Efficiency Directive (EED) now mandates mu nicipal heating and cooling planning for municipalities with a population exceeding 45,000. Similarly, in Baden-Württem berg, a federal state in Germany, a comparable law has been in effect since 2020, requiring the development of heating plans by the end of 2023. Approximately 100 municipalities in Baden-Württemberg are subject to this legislation. The main target of these heating and cooling plans is to devise action strategies and measures to enhance energy efficiency, as well as provide climate neutral heating supply. Notably, this law stipulates that at least five measures must be specified in the heating plans, with implementation starting within five years after development of the heat plan at the latest. This paper ex amines the heat plans published in Baden-Württemberg until December 2023, with a focus on the proposed implementa tion measures. The aim is to evaluate the effectiveness of these measures in reducing greenhouse gas emissions. To achieve this, we categorize the measures into six different areas of ac tion and three levels of intensity. The results indicate that the majority of measures are planned within the area of action
District heating and cooling and waste heat, while the fewest measures are found in the area Planning and conception. In
the areas of action Increasing efficiency and renovating build ings and Feasibility studies, predominantly minor measures
are employed, suggesting that the emphasis is not on improv ing energy efficiency and thus reducing heat demand. The
findings of this study can assist policymakers and stakeholders in developing effective heating and cooling plans, thereby fa cilitating the decarbonization of heating and cooling systems in urban areas.
Author(s)
Rights
Under Copyright
Language
English