Synthesis of Ethanol from CO2 and H2

While the synthesis of methanol from CO2 has reached an industrial scale, the production of ethanol still presents significant challenges. However, researchers at Fraunhofer ICT are currently working on developing a novel process for the gas phase catalysis of ethanol from CO2 and H2. This innovative approach involves adopting a mechanism that is primarily utilized for oxidation reactions and applying it to the hydrogenation reaction required for ethanol synthesis. The successful implementation of this process hinges on the careful selection and interaction of various process conditions and catalyst materials. These factors play a crucial role in enabling the economically viable utilization of CO2 chemistry, despite the inherent thermodynamic stability of CO2 and the significant C-C coupling barrier that must be overcome. To ensure the effectiveness of the catalysts used in this process, Fraunhofer ICT is collaborating closely with universities. Through this intensive cooperation, catalysts are being produced, characterized, and rigorously tested to ensure their suitability for facilitating the successful synthesis of ethanol. Ethanol is an incredibly valuable basic chemical due to its versatility and wide range of applications. For instance, it can be used as a solvent in various industrial processes. Additionally, ethanol serves as a vital starting material for the production of numerous other chemicals, further highlighting its importance in the chemical industry. Moreover, ethanol can also be utilized as a fuel additive, enhancing the performance and environmental characteristics of gasoline and other fuels. This is particularly relevant in the context of efforts to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and promote sustainable energy solutions. Furthermore, ethanol plays a crucial role in the synthesis of eFuels, which are synthetic fuels produced using renewable energy sources. These eFuels offer a promising alternative to traditional fossil fuels, as they can help mitigate the environmental impact associated with transportation and contribute to the overall decarbonization of the energy sector. In summary, the development of an efficient process for the gas phase catalysis of ethanol from CO2 and H2 represents a significant advancement in CO2 utilization and sustainable chemistry. The ongoing collaboration between Fraunhofer ICT and universities aims to optimize catalysts and process conditions, ultimately leading to the successful synthesis of ethanol. This, in turn, will contribute to the production of valuable chemicals, fuel additives, and eFuels, thereby fostering a more sustainable and environmentally friendly future.