Reduction of resource critical materials in the SHJ production

In our work we present approaches to reduce the consumption of sacre materials - Indium and Silver - in the production of Silicon Heterojunction Solar Cells. The first approach represents the partial substitution of the ITO based TCO layer by a layer stack of ITO and AZO and hereby a reduction of the Indium consumption by 50%. The second approach shows that advanced screen technology enables Ag consumption reduction by -38% and an increased η (+0.2%) for busbarless cells. At the same time this enables increasing throughput up to 5000 w/h with flatbed screen printing and advanced screens and pastes resulting in a reduction of CAPEX.