Beam Pattern Optimization Using Phase Manipulation of Dummy Elements in a Phased Array Antenna

Due to mutual coupling, each element of a phased array antenna is influenced by scattering and re-radiation effects due to elements in the direct vicinity. The idea is to decrease coupling inhomogeneities by surrounding the active elements by so-called dummy elements at the edge of the antenna. In this paper, a systematic approach for the optimization of the antenna far field pattern due to the use of the dummy elements is provided. The coupled phases in the dummy elements are simulated and compensated with complex impedance. Different simulations are established to evaluate the beam pattern with and without phase manipulation of the dummy elements. It is shown that for designated calculated phases of the dummy elements, the antenna far field pattern may lead to better radiation results.