Change detection in crowded underwater scenes - via an extended Gaussian switch model combined with a flux tensor Pre-segmentation

In this paper a new approach for change detection in videos of crowded scenes is proposed with the extended Gaussian Switch Model in combination with a Flux Tensor pre-segmentation. The extended Gaussian Switch Model enhances the previous method by combining it with the idea of the Mixture of Gaussian approach and an intelligent update scheme which made it possible to create more accurate background models even for difficult scenes. Furthermore, a foreground model was integrated and could deliver valuable information in the segmentation process. To deal with very crowded areas in the scene - where the background is not visible most of the time - we use the Flux Tensor to create a first coarse segmentation of the current frame and only update areas that are almost motionless and therefore with high certainty should be classified as background. To ensure the spatial coherence of the final segmentations, the N2Cut approach is added as a spatial model after the background subtraction step. The evaluation was done on an underwater change detection datasets and showed significant improvements over previous methods, especially in the crowded scenes.