Synthesis and characterization of nitrate based energetic ionic liquids (EILs)

By definition, salts being liquid (ILs) below 100 °C are defined as ionic liquids [1]. They are receiving an increasing interest due to their unique properties and are under investigation in the field of energetic materials, too. ILs consists out of ions and show good thermal stability, electric conductivity, and extremely low vapor pressure. Potential applications are energetic plasticizers or liquid rocket and gun propellants. This paper presents the synthesis of energetic ionic liquids (EILs) on the base of 4-Amino-1,2,4-Triazole with Nitrate as an anion. The substituents at N1 synthesized are methyl, cyanomethyl, and cyanoethyl resulting in 4-Amino-1-methyl-1,2,4-triazolium nitrate (C1 N), 4-Amino-1-(cyanomethyl)-1,2,4-Triazolium Nitrate (C1CN N), and 4-Amino-1-(cyanoethyl)-1,2,4-Triazolium Nitrate (C2CN N). C1 N is a room temperature EIL and C1CN N and C2CN N are solid at room temperature. The phase stabilization of ammonium nitrate through addition of C1CN N and C2CN (N 5wt%, 10wt% and 15wt%) was studied.