A test structure for characterization of the interface energy of anodically bonded silicon-glass wafers

In this paper a test structure is introduced, which allows the evaluation of the quality of an anodic bond interface in terms of surface energy. It is based on the creation of small non-bonded areas in the vicinity of small steps in the bond interface. Using finite element analysis simulations it was possible to calculate the surface energy of the monitored bonding processes. The test structure was used to investigate the influence of anodic bonding parameters (temperature and voltage) on the surface energy.