Verfahren zur Rückgewinnung von Fasern aus Bauteilen oder Produkten aus Kunststoff-Faserverbundmaterialien

The method comprises identifying regions of component or product with higher content of fibers and/or reinforcements and regions of the component with a lower content of fibers and/or reinforcements, decomposing the component or product in accordance with the identified regions to form two fractions of the product or component having high and lower content of fibers and/or reinforcement, and recovering the fibers and/or reinforcements from the fragments having high content of fibers and/or reinforcements by selective removal of the plastic matrix of the fibers and/or reinforcements. The method comprises identifying regions of component or product with a higher content of fibers and/or reinforcements and regions of the component with a lower content of fibers and/or reinforcements, decomposing the component or product in accordance with the identified regions to form two fractions of the product or component having high and lower content of fibers and/or reinforcement, and recovering the fibers and/or reinforcements from the fragments having high content of fibers and/or reinforcements by selective removal of the plastic matrix of the fibers and/or reinforcements. The components and products comprise long and/or continuous filament in the form of fiber bundles and two and/or three-dimensional fibrous structures containing plastic-fiber composite materials. The identification step is performed by acoustic, spectroscopic, thermo graphic or inductive method. The decomposition step is carried out by a water jet cutting process, line shaped explosive charges, and detonating cords, and includes arranging the explosive charges in cavities in the product or component and activating the explosive charges. The lower content of fibers and/or reinforcements are present in an amount of 30-60 wt.%. The selective removal of the polymer matrix of the fibers and/or reinforcements is performed by pyrolysis, thermolysis or solvolysis. The fraction having the lower content of fiber and/or reinforcement is used as a filler or reinforcing material. The method further comprises crushing the plastic matrix of the fibers and/or reinforcements to obtain powder or granules. USE: The method is useful for recovering fibers from large-shaped, components or products of plastic composite materials, where the components or products are rotor blades and nacelles for wind turbines, ship hulls and aircraft hulls or tanks (all claimed). ADVANTAGE: The method allows economic and precise recovery of the fibers from the components or products without any health hazards using line shaped explosive charges and detonating cords. Preferred Components: The fibers includes glass fibers, carbon fibers, metal fibers, and/or aramid fibers.