Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur überkritischen Nassoxidation

(A1) Es wird ein Verfahren zur überkritischen Nassoxidation eines zumindest teilweise oxidierbare Stoffe oder Stoffgemische enthaltenden oder gänzlich aus solchen gebildeten Eduktes vorgeschlagen, indem das Edukt in einem Reaktor in Gegenwart von Wasser und eines Oxidationsmittels, insbesondere Sauerstoff, unter sowohl für Wasser als auch für das Oxidationsmittel überkritischen Bedingungen zur Umsetzung gebracht wird. Um für einen möglichst geringen Energiebedarf des Verfahrens zu sorgen, ist erfindungsgemäß vorgesehen, dass zumindest ein Teil des dem Edukt zugesetzten Wassers dadurch unmittelbar durch die bei der exothermen Oxidationsreaktion frei werdende Wärme auf eine sowohl für das Wasser als auch für das Oxidationsmittel überkritische Temperatur erhitzt wird, indem das Wasser vor dem Zusetzen zu dem Edukt entlang einer Wandung des Reaktionsraumes des Reaktors, in welchem die überkritische Nassoxidation durchgeführt wird, geleitet wird, was vorzugsweise im Gegenstrom geschieht. Die Erfindung betrifft ferner eine Vorrichtung zur Durchführung eines solchen Verfahrens sowie einen Reaktor einer solchen Vorrichtung.

DE 102006015708 A1 UPAB: 20071217 NOVELTY - The procedure for supercritical wet-oxidation of oxidizable substances or mixtures containing or made up of a reactant, comprises reacting the reactant in a reactor (5) in the presence of water and oxygen under supercritical conditions. A portion of the water that is added to the reactant is heated to a supercritical temperature for the water and oxidizing agents by means of the heat that is released during the exothermic oxidation reaction. The water, before fed into the reactant, is led along a wall or an entire area of a reaction chamber (52) of the reactor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The procedure for supercritical wet-oxidation of oxidizable substances or mixtures containing or made up of a reactant, comprises reacting the reactant in a reactor (5) in the presence of water and oxygen under supercritical conditions. A portion of the water that is added to the reactant is heated to a supercritical temperature for the water and oxidizing agents by means of the heat that is released during the exothermic oxidation reaction. The water, before fed into the reactant, is led along a wall or an entire area of a reaction chamber (52) of the reactor, in which the supercritical wet oxidation is carried out. The water is led into an upstream, while the reactant is led into a vertical downstream during the supercritical oxidation reaction. A part of the water that is discharged from the reactor and/or oxidizing agent is purified from the contained reactant residues and/or reaction products and recirculated. The organic reactant residues and/or reaction products are separated from the water by transferring the water to a subcritical state. The procedure is carried out in a continuous- or semi-continuous operation mode. INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for: (1) a device for the supercritical wet oxidation of an oxidizable material or mixture; and (2) a reactor for the supercritical wet oxidation of oxidizable material or mixture. USE - For removing the organic reactant residues and/or pollutants in solid, liquid, gaseous or suspended form. ADVANTAGE - The procedure ensures supercritical wet-oxidation of oxidizable substances or mixtures with less energy expenditure in simple, fast and economic manner and can remove hardenable material such as explosive material and oxidants without harmful or toxic by-products.