Makroökonomische Wirkungen von Maßnahmen zur Luftreinhaltung und zum Klimaschutz. Abschlußbericht Forschungsvorhaben Jo 100/5-2. Kennwort Nettowirkungen des Umweltschutzes. SPP Ökonomik der natürlichen Ressourcen

To reach the goal of a 25% reduction of CO2-emissions by the year 2005 within the old boudaries of the Federal Republic of Germany it will be necessary to invest several hundred billion Deutschmark for rational energy use measures and for interchanging fuels. As far as rational energy use is concerned, many of these measures will be economical because of savings due to reduced energy costs. It will also be necessary to invest several billion Deutschmark to further reduce the emissions of air pollutants such as SO2, NOX and dust. Significant macroeconomic effects might result. In addition, the external costs of energy use, such as damages due to global warming as well as to other energy caused pollutants, will be reduced. A recently completed analysis by the Fraunhofer-Institute for Systems and Innovation Research (FhG-ISI) in cooperation with the German Institute for Economic Research (DIW) shows, that - if at all - only a slight decrease in economic growth can be expected, but that t here will be significant structural changes (winners and losers among the industrial branches, in the energy and transportation sectors). Overall, a significantly positive empoyment effect will result from the analyzed measures.