Methodik zur Gestaltung und Evaluierung der Software-Gebrauchstauglichkeit bei der ersten oder bei seltener Anwendung

Eine zunehmende Digitalisierung der Arbeitswelt führt zu einem steigenden Einsatz neuer Technologien und Werkzeuge, an die ein höherer Anspruch als früher gestellt wird. IT-Werkzeuge beinhalten eine Vielzahl und Vielfalt von Funktionen. Nicht angepasste Software(SW)-Bedienbarkeit stellt für Mitarbeiter eine Herausforderung dar. Insbesondere das Spezifikum einer ersten oder seltenen SW-Anwendung soll hier im Engineering Prozess aus der Benutzerperspektive betrachtet werden. Die vorliegende Arbeit beschreibt eine methodische Lösung zur Gestaltung und Evaluierung der SW-Gebrauchstauglichkeit bei der intermittierenden Bearbeitung einer softwaregestützten Aufgabe. Diese Methodik beinhaltet die Forschungsarbeiten zur Messung der Aufgabenkomplexität, zur Identifikation der Anwenderunterstützung und zur Erfassung der Gebrauchstauglichkeit der SW-Benutzungsschnittstelle.

Increasing digitization of the working world leads to a growing use of new technologies and tools with higher requirements. IT tools include a large number and diversity of features. Not adjusted operability of software (SW) can be a challenge for employees. In particular, the specifics of a first or rare use of SW should be considered in the engineering process with a user perspective. Possible technologies and concepts of user support could to be used depending on the complexity of tasks at the SW user interface. Existing solutions for the design and evaluation of the SW user interface do not consider these framework conditions, which leads to a low SW usability in an intermittent processing of a task. The present work describes a methodical solution for designing and evaluating SW usability for the first or a rare use of an application. This methodology includes research to measure task complexity, to identify user assistance and to assess the usability of the SW user interface. An analysis of the task provides a designed and implemented approach to measure the task complexity. The elaborated parameters of complexity are used to determine the task complexity, taking into account the short-term memory in the three-stage model. The identification of the user assistance at the user interface was developed and tested using the functional semantic approach. The user assistance components were methodically assigned to the complexity levels of the task. The developed and practically applied model of the user interface usability assessment provides a reusable basis, which can be adapted to the organizational conditions in further applications. The present methodical solution was completely prototypically implemented in the development of the DREAM simulation SW. The methodology was evaluated by the project implementation DREAM, by experts' evaluation as to the cost-benefit ratio and by experts' assessments regarding the use in information technology areas of science and industry. It turns out that the presented methodology for the design and evaluation of SW usability is feasible under real conditions and can be used in a wider application area.