Contribution of HDAC3 to transcriptional repression by the human papillomavirus 31 E82 protein

Human papillomaviruses (HPV) such as HPV16 and HPV31 encode an E82 protein that acts as a repressor of viral replication and transcription. E82's repression activities are mediated via the interaction with host-cell NCoR (nuclear receptor corepressor)/SMRT (silencing mediator of retinoid and thyroid receptors) corepressor complexes, which consist of NCoR, its homologue SMRT, GPS2 (G-protein pathway suppressor 2), HDAC3 (histone deacetylase 3), TBL1 (transducin b-like protein 1) and its homologue TBLR1 (TBL1-related protein 1). We now provide evidence that transcriptional repression by HPV31 E82 is NCoR/SMRT-dependent but surprisingly always HDAC3-independent when analysing different HPV promoters. This is in contrast to the majority of several cellular transcription factors using NCoR/SMRT complexes whose transcriptional repression activities are both NCoR/SMRT- and HDAC3-dependent. However, NCoR/SMRT-dependent but HDAC3-independent repression has been described f or specific cellular genes, suggesting that this may not be specific for HPV promoters but could be a feature of a subset of NCoR/SMRT-HDAC3 regulated genes.