Multi-physics system modelling based on bond graph theory for offshore hydrogen production

Hydrogen is expected to take a major role in the energy sector. To address the increasing demand, specially designed systems for dedicated hydrogen production, e.g., an offshore hydrogen wind turbine, are developed. Especially in these multi-physics systems, each aspect of the entire system requires expert knowledge for modelling and sometimes specific simulation tools. A key challenge lies in the integration of component models into the full system model. We propose a method based on bond graph theory to identify single components and their interfaces for dynamic simulation. This top-down approach leads to a structured processes for the development of multi-physics systems with a diverse team. We present a design of a new 15 MW green hydrogen offshore wind turbine to study the performance in turbulent wind conditions. The single components are decoupled in their development and therefore, can be tested independently or combined with other components. All component models are utilized as Functional Mock-Up Units and combined in the full model with Co-Simulation. The development method is applicable to other complex energy systems.