Simultaneous measurements of stress intensity and toughness for fast-running cracks in steel

Simultaneous measurements of the dynamicstress-intensity factorK I dyn and the dynamic-fracture toughnessK ID were made in a high-strength steel to investigate the relation between energy delivered to and energy absorbed by rapidly propagating cracks. Values ofK I dyn were obtained intermittently during the propagation history by the shadow optical method of caustics from high-speed photographs of the moving crack tips. Values ofK ID were calculated from temperature maxima recorded by thermocouples near the crack path. The results indicate that for fast-running cracks, the change in energy available at the crack tip can be significantly less than the energy absorbed in crack extension, suggesting that currently used dynamic-energy-balance methods for determining dynamic-fracture toughnesses may provide erroneous values.