Comparing Micromobility with Public Transportation Trips in a Data-Driven Spatio-Temporal Analysis

Micromobility service systems have recently appeared in urban areas worldwide. Although e-bike and e-scooter services have been operating for some time now, their characteristics have only recently been analyzed in more detail. In particular, the influence on the existing transportation services is not well understood. This study proposes a framework to gather data, infer micromobility trips, deduce their characteristics, and assess their relation to a public transportation network. We validate our approach by comparing it to similar approaches in the literature and applying it to data of over a year from the city of Aachen. We find hints at the recreational role of e-scooters and a larger commuting role for e-bikes. We show that micromobility services in particular are used in situations where public transportation is not a viable alternative, hence often complementing the available services, and competing with public transportation in other areas. This ambivalent relationship between micromobility and public transportation emphasizes the need for appropriate regulations and policies to ensure the sustainability of micromobility services.