Organically modified ceramics and their applications

Modified transition metal alkoxides with polymerizable organic ligands were synthesized which are worthwhile precursors for the development of novel inorganic-organic materials. Titanium tetraisopropoxide was treated with isoeugenol (2-methoxy-4-propenylphenol), itaconic anhydride (methylene succinic anhydride), and 2-acrylamido-2-methyl-propanesulfonic acid, respectively. Isoeugenol forms a chelate complex with titanium via the phenolic OH group and the oxygen of methoxy substituent. The reaction products of the cyclic itaconic anhydride with titanium alkoxide weretwo isomers due to different paths of ring opening; the reaction poceeded without the formation of an alcohol. 2-Acrylamido-2-methyl-propanesulfonic acid formed a link to titanium via the SO3 group, and after hydrolysis the sol consisted of rather small particles.