Generalizing the phishing principle: Analyzing user behavior in response to controlled stimuli for IT security awareness assessment

Capturing behavioral data to assess users' IT security awareness is state of the art. However, recording the click rate on a company wide phishing test for IT security awareness measurement does not suffice. Perceivable artifacts, that the user might be exposed to during an attack, are manifold. We introduce a framework that allows capturing user's responses to such artifacts similar to phishing tests. A field study among 259 users shows, that the expected effect of a well-established IT security awareness intervention can be demonstrated using arbitrary artifacts. It also shows that this intervention may impair the probability of a user reporting the sighting of an artifact and therefore impair an organization's capability to detect such events and possibly decrease overall security.