Impact of MPEG-4 3D coding on watermarking algorithms for polygonal 3D meshes

The MPEG-4 multimedia standard addresses the scene-based composition of audiovisual objects. Natural and synthetic multimedia content can be mixed and transmitted over narrow and broadband communication channels. Synthetic and natural hybrid coding (SNHC) within MPEG-4 provides tools for 3D mesh coding (3DMC). We investigate the robustness of two different 3D watermarking algorithms for polygonal meshes with respect to 3DMC. The first algorithm is a blind detection scheme designed for labelling applications that require high bandwidth and low robustness. The second algorithm is a robust non-blind one-bit watermarking scheme intended for copyright protection applications. Both algorithms have been proposed by Benedens1,2. We expect 3DMC to have an impact on the watermark detectors, as the algorithms work on the mesh geometry to encode the watermark and 3DMC employs a lossy compression scheme to the vertex coordinates. We use the 3DMC implementation provided with the MPEG-4 reference software and the Princeton Shape Benchmark7 model database for our simulations. The watermarked models are sent through the 3DMC encoder and decoder, and the watermark decoding process is performed. For each algorithm under consideration we examine the detection properties as a function of the compression strength applied by the 3DMC encoder.