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Fraunhofer-Institut für System- und Innovationsforschung ISI
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PublicationFortschrittsbericht zur Digitalisierung des Energiesystems(Fraunhofer CINES, 2024)Die Digitalisierung ist ein hochgradig relevanter Schlüsselprozess für die Energiesystemtransformation - Details dazu hat der Fraunhofer Exzellenzcluster CINES im Jahr 2022 erforscht und in 14 Thesen zusammengefasst. In 2023 wurden in Zusammenarbeit mit Praxispartner:innen aus der Energiewirtschaft politische und regulatorischen Änderungen in der digitalen Energiewirtschaft analysiert und ausgewertet. Der Fortschrittsbericht zeigt die Fortschritte der Digitalisierung auf und erörtert Handlungsbedarfe und Weiterentwicklungspotenziale. Wichtige Erkenntnisse sind: Positive Fortschritte gibt es u.a. durch gesetzliche und regulatorische Neuerungen wie beispielsweise beim §14a EnWG oder dem Gesetz zum Neustart der Digitalisierung der Energiewende (GNDEW). Es mangelt an einem integrativen Zielbild - ein solches kann für mehr Klarheit und Orientierung bei der Digitalisierung des Energiesystems in Deutschland und Europa sorgen. Um Lücken, Handlungsbedarfe und positiven Fortschritt besser zu erkennen, erfordert es ein gemeinsames Verständnis für die Orientierung und Ausrichtung auf die Digitalisierung. Dafür ist es unter anderem notwendig ein handlungsanleitendes Zukunftsbild zu schaffen, die kommunikative Übersetzung und die Verständlichkeit von regulatorischen Änderungen zu verbessern, Kompetenzen für technologische Lösungen, bspw. für notwendige Cyberresilienz und kritischen Infrastrukturen, aufzubauen und Investitionen zu tätigen, um mehr finanzielle Mittel für die Digitalisierung der Energiesystemtransformation zur Verfügung zu haben.
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PublicationImplications of hydrogen import prices for the German energy system in a model-comparison experiment( 2024)
;Haendel, MichaelWith its ability to store and transport energy without releasing greenhouse gases, hydrogen is considered an important driver for the decarbonisation of energy systems. As future hydrogen import prices from global markets are subject to large uncertainties, it is unclear what impact different hydrogen and derivative import prices will have on the future German energy system. To answer that research question, this paper explores the impact of three different import price scenarios for hydrogen and its derivatives on the German energy system in a climate-neutral setting for Europe in 2045 using three different energy system models. The analysis shows that the quantities of electricity generated as well as the installed capacities for electricity generation and electrolysis increase as the hydrogen import price rises. However, the resulting differences between the import price scenarios vary across the models. The results further indicate that domestic German (and European) hydrogen production is often cost-efficient. -
PublicationClean Hydrogen Deployment in the Europe-MENA Region from 2030 to 2050(Fraunhofer CINES, 2023)
;Braun, Jan ;Carlier, Benjamin ;Réveillère, Arnaud ;Warluzel, GillesWesoly, DidierThis paper assesses the technical feasibility and socio-economic aspects of the European Union’s (EU) REPowerEU target of producing, importing, and transporting 20 million tonnes (Mt) of clean hydrogen by 2030. Due to their geographical proximity, low-cost hydrogen production potential and existing gas infrastructure, six MENA (‘Middle East and North Africa’) countries are considered key players for realizing the REPowerEU import target: Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, Libya, Egypt, and Saudi Arabia. The central questions addressed by this paper are: What hydrogen production and import volumes are technically feasible in the Europe-MENA region? Can imports from the MENA countries be integrated into the existing European natural gas grid? How much technical storage capacity is available for hydrogen in the Europe-MENA region? What socio-economic issues must be considered in a strategic analysis of clean hydrogen deployment in the Europe-MENA region? -
PublicationDigitalisierung des Energiesystems - 14 Thesen zum Erfolg(Fraunhofer CINES, 2022)
;Gkoktsis, George ;Hirsch, Tilo ;Offergeld, Thomas ;Rülicke, Linda -
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PublicationInteraction of energy storage technologies and synthetic fuels in long-term decarbonization scenarios( 2021)
;Heilig, JudithHaendel, MichaelWith the 2015 Paris Climate Agreement, the international community has reaffirmed its commitment to tackle anthropogenic climate change with the goal of limiting the global average temperature increase below 1.5 °C, but to a maximum of 2 °C above pre-industrial levels. Against this background, we examine scenarios for a complete decarbonisation of the European energy supply. Since such scenarios are based on a high expansion of weather-dependent renewable energy sources, the question arises, which flexible technologies are necessary to balance supply and demand in such energy systems. In this paper, a scenario analysis shows which capacity or volume of energy storage, power interconnectors and synthetic fuels are needed in decarbonization scenarios. To address this research question three different energy system models are applied. These models cover Europe and Germany, respectively, and are able to explain different results of the single models based of the corresponding model characteristics. The paper concludes that the power sector is able to cover a considerable share of the energy demand in the heat and transport sector with the help of flexible sector coupling technologies such as heat pumps and electric mobility. All considered models manage to find solutions for a deep decarbonization if flexibility and storage option are available. -
Publication7 Empfehlungen zum Gelingen der Energiewende(Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft, 2021)Die verschärften europäischen Klimaschutzziele und das neue deutsche Klimaschutzgesetz sind sehr ambitioniert und erfordern drastische und sofortige Maßnahmen. Zur Frage, wie diese am besten ausgestaltet sein sollten, hat das Fraunhofer Cluster of Excellence Integrated Energy Systems (CINES) sieben Empfehlungen für ein Gelingen der Energiewende erarbeitet.