Fraunhofer-Institut für System- und Innovationsforschung ISI

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  • Publication
    Assessing the conditions for economic viability of dynamic electricity retail tariffs for households
    ( 2024)
    Stute, Judith orcid-logo
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    Pelka, Sabine orcid-logo
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    Kühnbach, Matthias orcid-logo
    ;
    Klobasa, Marian orcid-logo
    The success of the energy transition relies on effectively utilizing flexibility in the power system. Dynamic tariffs are a highly discussed and promising innovation for incentivizing the use of residential flexibility. However, their full potential can only be realized if households achieve significant benefits. This paper specifically addresses this topic. We examine the leverage of household flexibility and the financial benefits of using dynamic tariffs, considering household heterogeneity, the costs of home energy management systems and smart meters, the impact of higher electricity prices and price spreads and the differences between types of prosumers. To comprehensively address this topic, we use the EVaTar-building model, a simulation framework that includes embedded optimization designed to simulate household electricity consumption patterns under the influence of a home energy management system or in response to dynamic tariffs. The study's main finding is that households can achieve significant cost savings and increase flexibility utilization by using a home energy management system and dynamic electricity tariffs, provided that electricity prices and price spreads reach higher levels. When comparing price levels in a low and high electricity price scenario, with an increase of the average electricity price by 15.2 €ct/kWh (67% higher than the average for the year 2019) and an increase of the price spread by 8.9 €ct/kWh (494% higher), the percentage of households achieving cost savings increases from 3.9% to 62.5%. Households with both an electric vehicle and a heat pump observed the highest cost benefits. Sufficiently high price incentives or sufficiently low costs for home energy management systems and metering point operation are required to enable households to mitigate rising electricity costs and ensure residential flexibility for the energy system through electric vehicles and heat pumps.
  • Publication
    How do dynamic electricity tariffs and different grid charge designs interact? - Implications for residential consumers and grid reinforcement requirements
    ( 2024)
    Stute, Judith orcid-logo
    ;
    Klobasa, Marian orcid-logo
    Dynamic electricity retail tariffs and different grid charge designs are discussed as key measures to support renewable energy integration. This article investigates the interplay between both, examining their impact on residential consumers regarding their economic savings and choice of retail tariff and on grid reinforcement requirements in low-voltage grids. We use a model-based approach for determining grid reinforcement requirements combined with an optimization model to assess residential consumer behavior towards different combinations of dynamic electricity retail tariffs and grid charge designs. We explore how these options influence the choice of households in Germany to invest in a home energy management system and to opt for a dynamic electricity retail tariff. Our findings show that with a grid charge design with capacity subscription, the share of households utilizing their flexibility and opting for a dynamic electricity retail tariff can be increased up to 74% (vs. 67% for a volumetric grid charge design). Furthermore, grid reinforcement costs can be reduced with a capacity subscription based grid charge design by 37% in rural low-voltage grids compared to the current grid charge design in Germany. This study offers novel perspectives on the interplay of dynamic electricity retail tariffs and grid charge designs, emphasizing the need for integrated policy approaches that allow residential consumers to benefit from reduced electricity costs while limiting grid reinforcement costs for distribution system operators.
  • Publication
    Endbericht: Auswertung des Lastmanagement-Monitorings nach § 51a EnWG für die Erhebungsrunden 2017, 2018 und 2019
    (r2b energy consulting GmbH, 2022)
    Diels, Robert
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    Strickling, Lukas
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    Klobasa, Marian orcid-logo
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    Stute, Judith orcid-logo
    Der vorliegende Bericht enthält die Auswertung der im Rahmen des Lastmanagement-Monitorings (LMM) gemäß § 51 a EnWG zum Beitrag von Lastmanagement zur Versorgungssicherheit im Bereich Elektrizität in Deutschland erhobenen Unternehmensangaben aus den Erhebungsjahren 2017, 2018 und 2019. In den drei LMM-Abfragen wurden von Unternehmen mit hohem Stromverbrauch bestimmte quantitative und qualitative Angaben mit dem Ziel erhoben, sowohl quantitativ die Lastreduktionspotenziale für die Nutzung an den Strommärkten zu bestimmen als auch qualitativ Gründe und Hindernisse für den erstmaligen oder verstärkten Einsatz von Lastmanagement im Allgemeinen zu untersuchen. Aus den drei LMM-Abfragen ergibt sich, dass zwischen 49% und 59% aller erfassten Unternehmensstandorte bereits Lastmanagement zu unterschiedlichen Zwecken einsetzen. Bisher können aber nur zwischen 12% und 15% aller Standorte ihre Last in Abhängigkeit der Preise am Strommarkt reduzieren. Im Folgenden werden diese Standorte, die bereits ihre Last in Abhängigkeit der Preise am Strommarkt reduzieren können, als marktflexible Standorte bezeichnet. Aus den Angaben der Unternehmen und ihrer Standorte in den LMM-Abfragen lässt sich von marktflexiblen Standorten das erschlossene und das unerschlossene Lastreduktionspotenzial sowie von nicht-marktflexiblen Standorten das unerschlossene Lastreduktionspotenzial ermitteln (siehe Abbildung 1).
  • Publication
    Batteriespeicher in Netzen
    ( 2022)
    Fritz, Wolfgang
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    Ladermann, Alexander
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    Willemsen, Sebastian
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    George, Jan orcid-logo
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    Klobasa, Marian orcid-logo
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    Kühnbach, Matthias
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    Neef, Christoph orcid-logo
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    Stute, Judith orcid-logo
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    Kahl, Hartmut
    ;
    Senders, Julian
    Bundesministerium für Wirtschaft und Energie (BMWi) Projekt-Nr. 33/18 12. Juli 2022 Batteriespeicher in Netzen Batteriespeicher in Netzen Schlussbericht im Auftrag des Bundesministerium für Wirtschaft und Energie (BMWi)
  • Publication
    Impact of electric vehicles: Will German households pay less for electricity?
    ( 2020)
    Kühnbach, Matthias
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    Stute, Judith orcid-logo
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    Gnann, Till orcid-logo
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    Wietschel, Martin
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    Marwitz, Simon
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    Klobasa, Marian orcid-logo
    High energy efficiencies imply that electric mobility is regarded as an important technological option to reduce greenhouse gas emissions from the transport sector. However, electric vehicles (EVs) also have impacts on electricity grids and electricity generation. Hence, this paper explores how private EVs affect residential electricity prices in Germany. We examine effects of EVs on electricity generation, the contribution of controlled charging and impacts on distribution grid grids. We show that in 2030, private EVs can reduce the electricity prices for households since at distribution grid level, the additional electricity demand increases the overall utilisation of the grid and lowers specific costs. Because the additional load of EVs leads to an increased usage of power plants with higher variable costs, there is the opposite effect on electricity generation costs, although limited by controlled charging. Overall, the effect of rising electricity generation costs is usually overcompensated by falling specific grid charges.