Fraunhofer Institut für Integrierte Publikations-und Informationssysteme IPSI

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An infrastructure for collaborative life-long learning

2002 , Wessner, M. , Haake, J.M. , Tietze, D.A.

Collaborative learning has proven to be a successful method in traditional classroom settings. Computer-supported collaborative learning (CSCL) is regarded as a new paradigm in educational technology. Nevertheless, in the context of infrastructures for lifelong learning, little attention is paid to collaboration. We provide an analysis of lifelong learning with respect to collaborative learning. In order to support the variety of collaboration modes and learning methods in lifelong learning scenarios, existing approaches to learning infrastructures must be extended in a number of directions, e.g. with respect to user management, collaboration management, communication/collaboration functionality, support for (transitions between) different learning modes, and awareness of peer learners. We introduce our approach to an infrastructure for collaborative lifelong learning, which is based on integrated collaboration functionality, transitions between different learning modes, and a scalable standards- based architecture. We sketch two implementations of this approach in an internal as well as a multi party distributed setting and report first experiences.

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A framework for developing component-based co-operative applications

2001 , Tietze, D.A.

In today's work environment we are faced with the increasing need to perform tasks and tackle problems cooperatively, in a team. This need is driven, e.g., by the trend towards growing distribution of teams, such as in the context of virtual organizations or extended enterprises, task-specific groups of companies or divisions, working together in a shared project, on the completion of a common product. The goal of CSCW (Computer-Supported Cooperative Work) research is the design and development of systems (often referred to as groupware systems) that support communication, coordination and cooperation between the team members involved in a group process. Groupware systems enable a distributed group of users to collaboratively work on shared objects (documents,etc.). Many of the cooperative work processes which are conducted in these teams are evolving over time and require the support technology to exhibit a high degree of flexibility and tailorability. As work processes evolve,the supporting groupware needs to be adapted to the changing needs and requirements. In this context, we are faced with the need for groupware applications that are not closed and monolithic, but which can be dynamically extended, also by the end-users, in order to adapt the tools to the changing requirements. This thesis aims to provide support for such flexible groupware. One way of developing flexible, modular systems is component-based software development, where systems are constructed from reusable software components, which can be adapted and combined as required. The development of such components is often based on an underlying component framework, which governs the way in which components are created and later combined with each other. The goal of this thesis is to aid the use and development of extensible componentbased groupware systems. This requires the design and development of a component framework, which provides support for the flexible coupling of the components and for dynamic distribution of the components. End-users need to be supported in locating and retrieving the components that they require for their current task. Additionally, the framework needs to support end-users as well as groupware developers in adapting the collaboration support environment to the changing demands. The thesis introduces Groupware Components as the basis for the development of flexible, adaptable groupware systems. Groupware Components are visually interactive components which allow groups of users to collaboratively view and modify shared data objects. Groupware Components can be coupled and assembled into comprehensive collaboration support environments. The resulting collaboration support environments are dynamically extensible: New components can be added to the running system and can immediately be used collaboratively on all connected machines. The coupling of Groupware Components is based on a common shared domain object model, which is dynamically replicated in the distributed system. One problem which needs to be tackled when building flexible component-based collaboration support systems is how to support end-users and developers in finding and retrieving the components required for a specific task. When introducing new components into the system,the previously available components need to be able to access and invoke these new components, without the need to modify the older components. In order to support this, the thesis introduces a programming model termed task-based development. In this model, components publish tasks which can be performed on instances of a shared object model. This task information can be queried by the component server and can be used to determine the required component for a certain activity to be performed on a specific shared object. The tasks can be invoked either interactively by the end-users or by component implementations, leading to an invocation of the related components. In this way, flexible (loose) bindings between components are possible, which allow the collaboration support system to by dynamically extended and reconfigured.The task-based programming model and the separation between component and domain model implementation also allow the coupling of different components (e.g., for different tasks or roles in the collaborative process) on the same shared data objects. End-user tailorability of the collaboration support environment is supported by an interactive composition tool, which allows the combination of components into so-called configurations. These configurations can be deployed via the server and can be used collaboratively right away. This creation of configurations is also based on the taskbased programming model, which serves as the central unifying abstraction underlying the components in the DyCE framework. When developing component-based environments, developers need to communicate their design ideas with each other. In order to support the design of component-based groupware, the thesis introduces a number of extensions to the Unified Modeling Language (UML), which allow developers to create design diagrams which specify issues relevant to component-based groupware, such as component distribution, task bindings, sessions, etc. The development of Groupware Components is supported by the development framework DyCE (Dynamic Collaboration Environment), which has been implemented in Java. The DyCE framework has been used in a number of research projects for developing a wide range of Groupware Components. A number of this components are presented, along with the experiences gathered in the course of their development.

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Ein Framework zur Entwicklung komponentenbasierter Groupware

2000 , Tietze, D.A. , Steinmetz, R.

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Introducing Groupware in Administrative Environments - Experiences from the POLIWORK Project

1999 , Schümmer, J. , Tesch, T. , Tietze, D.A. , Bapat, A.

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Organizing Shared Enterprise Workspaces Using Component-Based Cooperative Hypermedia

2001 , Rubart, J. , Haake, J.M. , Tietze, D.A. , Wang, W.

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Kooperative Softwareentwicklung

2001 , Tietze, D.A. , Schümmer, T.

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Supporting Cooperative Learning of Process Knowledge on the World Wide Web

2000 , Wang, W. , Haake, J.M. , Rubart, J. , Tietze, D.A.

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Introducing Objects to Novices in Six Days - A use case centered approach for teaching object-oriented development

2001 , Schümmer, T. , Tietze, D.A.

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User-Interface Erfahrungen im Informationsverbund Berlin-Bonn: Ein Bericht aus dem POLIWORK-Projekt

2000 , Haake, J.M. , Tietze, D.A.

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Hypermedia-based support for cooperative learning of process knowledge

2000 , Wang, W. , Haake, J.M. , Rubart, J. , Tietze, D.A.

The WWW makes learning materials widely accessible and provides an environment where people can learn across time and space. However, the simple read-only information structure on the Web provides little or very limited guidance to learners, especially when they want to learn how to do something through interaction with computers and other people. We suggest overcoming the problem by introducing a graphical hypermedia-based process representation and a cooperative process enactment support. The hypermedia-based process structure is accessible on the WWW. It contains a rich set of associated materials with which people can seamlessly interact while they are systematically carrying out the process they are learning under the guidance of computers or tutors. A hypermedia-based process support system and two use cases are presented. The use cases show that such a system can not only provide traditional learning support, but also offers novel cooperative hypermedia based support for the learning of process knowledge.

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