Fraunhofer-Institut für Optronik, Systemtechnik und Bildauswertung IOSB

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Auswirkungen der Coronapandemie auf die Entwicklung von Kommunen und Landkreisen in Deutschland

2021 , Ottendörfer, Eva , Bieker, Susanne , Kaiser, Urban , Frieling, Hendrik , Gölz, Sebastian , Neumann, Marcel , Guckenbiehl, Pascal , Henze-Sakowsky, Annika , Schmitt, Anna , Richter, Christine , Pollmer, Uta

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Fraunhofer topics of the future "SUPERGRID". Supergrid - Approach for the integration of renewable energy in Europe and North Africa

2016 , Platzer, Werner , Boie, Inga , Ragwitz, Mario , Kost, Christoph , Thoma, Jürgen , Vogel, Axel , Fluri, Thomas , Pfeiffer, Wulf , Burmeister, Frank , Tham, Nils , Pudlik, Martin , Bohn, Sven , Agsten, Michael , Bretschneider, Peter , Westermann, Dirk , Kranzer, Dirk , Schlegl, Thomas

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Sicherheit im öffentlichen Raum - SIRA. Schlussbericht

2014 , Beyerer, Jürgen , Vagts, Hauke , Krempel, Erik

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Scenarios for renewable energy deployment in North African countries and electricity exchange with Europe - a model-based analysis for 2050

2014 , Boie, Inga , Pudlik, Martin , Ragwitz, Mario , Sensfuss, F. , Bohn, Sven , Agsten, Michael , Bretschneider, Peter , Westermann, Dirk

Deployment of renewable energy technologies in North Africa has large potentials for both, the coverage of the growing local electricity demand and for export of electricity to neighboring regions such as Europe. The presented research analyzes four scenarios with high shares of renewable energies in electricity generation (regional average 83-98%) in five North African countries and evaluates the opportunities and technical challenges for exchange of electricity within the region and with Europe. It was found that extensive grid reinforcements would be required to realize the presented scenarios. With respect to inner-regional transmission capacities in North Africa, results show that, depending on the scenario, about 90 % of the present grid would have to be expanded substantially in order to handle the expected transmission volumes in 2050.

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Kleinwasserkraftwerke: Bewertung des Klimaschutzpotenzials und Verbesserung durch Intelligente Technologien. Schlussbericht zum FuE-Verbundvorhaben HAPPI

2018 , Rauschenbach, Thomas

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Opportunities and challenges of high renewable energy deployment and electricity exchange for North Africa and Europe - scenarios for power sector and transmission infrastructure in 2030 and 2050

2016 , Boie, Inga , Kost, Christoph , Bohn, Sven , Agsten, Michael , Bretschneider, Peter , Snigovyi, Oleksandr , Pudlik, Martin , Ragwitz, Mario , Schlegl, Thomas , Westermann, Dirk

Climate change and limited availability of fossil fuel reserves stress both the importance of deploying renewable energy sources (RES) for electricity generation and the need for a stronger integration of regional electricity markets. This analysis focuses on North African (NA) countries, which possess vast resources of renewable energy but whose electricity supply is still largely dependent on fossil fuels. An analysis of cost-optimized deployment scenarios for RES is conducted in five NA countries in 2030 and 2050. Three electricity models are combined to derive results covering trans-regional to sub-national level, including a detailed analysis of grid capacities and future transmission challenges. Further, opportunities for integration of European and NA electricity markets are evaluated. Results confirm that, by 2050, high RES shares - close to 100% - are possible in NA. Wind energy is the dominant technology. Concentrated Solar Power (CSP) plants also play an important role with rising RES shares due to the possibility to store thermal energy. Electricity exports to Europe gain particular importance in the period after 2030. Substantial transmission grid reinforcements on AC-level and the construction of a high voltage DC overlay grid are prerequisites for the forecasted scenarios.

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A pan-European-North African HVDC grid for bulk energy transmission - a model-based analysis

2014 , Bohn, Sven , Agsten, Michael , Marten, Anne-Katrin , Westermann, Dirk , Boie, Inga , Ragwitz, Mario

The usage of renewable energy is gaining importance due to national and international targets for reduction of CO2 emissions and consumption of fossil fuels and respective renewable energy deployment goals. Due to the volatile nature of renewable energy and regional potentials for generation in remote areas, there is a need for a better integration of generation and load centers in a common transmission infrastructure. This can be done by establishing a meshed HVDC overlay grid for bulk electricity transmission over long distances. Therefore, this paper describes the outlook for renewable energy deployment by 2050 in the North African region, as well as the potential to export renewable energy to Europe. It analyses the existing AC transmission grid infrastructure and explains why a meshed pan-European-North African HVDC overlay grid will solve the transmission requirements for the target year 2050.

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SecurePLUGandWORK. Abschlussbericht

2017 , Schleipen, Miriam , Henßen, Robert , Bischoff, Tino , Pfrommer, Julius , Sauer, Olaf , Schneider, Daniel , Jungbluth, Florian , Flatt, Holger , Barton, David , Fleischer, Jürgen , Bollhöfer, Esther , Moll, Cornelius , Lindauer, Jochen , Davis, Ralph , Baron, Heiko , Danner, Thomas , Hillerich, Thomas , Schmuck, Christian , Blume, Marco , Finster, Sören , Fechner, Andreas , Tschepat, Roman , Kazakov, Dmitry , Kühbauch, Reinhard , Klöblen, Wolfgang , Sproll, Dietmar , Fellhauer, Bruno , Osswald, Dirk , Sauer, Olaf

Ausgangssituation Industrie 4.0 umfasst unter anderem intelligente Anlagenkomponenten, Maschinen und Anlagen sowie IT-Systeme, die miteinander vernetzt und über die relevanten 'Partner' mit ihren Fähigkeiten informiert sind. Bei einem Neuaufbau oder Umbau von Anlagen, Maschinen und Komponenten können alle Partner auf die Veränderung entsprechend reagieren. Änderungen sind beispielsweise in der eingebetteten Software der Feldgeräte, im Programmcode der Steuerungen, aber auch in überlagerten IT-Systemen wie bspw. MES nötig. Motivation Diese Veränderungen werden heute häu?g manuell durchgeführt und sind daher zeitintensiv und fehleranfällig. Im Rahmen von Industrie 4.0 sollen die Änderungen (teil-)automatisiert ablaufen, ähnlich wie bei einer USB-Schnittstelle und USB-Geräten am PC. Die Situation im Umfeld der Produktion ist allerdings erheblich komplexer. Alle Änderungen sollen »secure« erfolgen. SecurePLUGandWORK betrachtet verschiedene Anwendungsszenarien auf unterschiedlichen Hierarchie- und Komplexitätsebenen: · Anwendungsszenario Integration Komponente - Maschine (z. B. Kugelgewindetrieb wird in Werkzeugmaschine integriert) - Werkzeugmaschine - Spindel - Mehrspindelkopf - Kugelgewindetrieb · Anwendungsszenario Integration Maschine - Anlage (z. B. Einzelmodule werden zu Waschmaschine vereinigt) - Waschmaschinen - Greifer - Werkzeugmagazin Ziel Das Projekt ermöglicht die Plug-and-Work-Fähigkeit in den produktionsnahen Softwarekomponenten durchgängig über die verschiedenen Ebenen der Fertigungshierarchie. Dies geschieht unter Nutzung offener Standards, die bereits heute in der Industrie eingesetzt werden. Unter anderem sollen Maschinen und Anlagen so schneller in Betrieb genommen werden. In der SecurePLUGandWORK-Architektur werden auch nicht-I4.0-kommunikationsfähige Komponenten mit I4.0-Eigenschaften ausgestattet. Diese Funktionalität wird mit im Projekt entwickelter Software basierend auf den Standards OPC UA und AutomationML, sowie Hardware in Form eines Produktgedächtnisses nachgerüstet.

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Fraunhofer Zukunftsthemen "SUPERGRID". Supergrid - Ansatz für die Integration von Erneuerbaren Energien in Europa und Nordafrika

2016 , Platzer, Werner , Boie, Inga , Ragwitz, Mario , Kost, Christoph , Thoma, Jürgen , Vogel, Axel , Fluri, Thomas , Pfeiffer, Wulf , Burmeister, Frank , Tham, Nils , Pudlik, Martin , Bohn, Sven , Agsten, Michael , Bretschneider, Peter , Westermann, Dirk , Kranzer, Dirk , Schlegl, Thomas

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Meshed HVDC transmission in the content of sustainable power transmission for the future and its environmental impact

2014 , Bohn, Sven , Boie, Inga , Kost, Christoph , Agsten, Michael , Bretschneider, Peter , Westermann, Dirk , Marten, Anne-Katrin

When talking about future power systems, power transmissions cannot be omitted. While it makes sense to generate RE where the potential is highest, it often means that volatile RE has to be transmitted over long distances. HVDC is favored for modern transmission to reinforce AC transmission. Around the world, HVDC is discussed and implemented in grid expansion plans. These plans range from point-to-point links towards meshed grids. This paper explores these grids and their ability to transmit RE in bulk and over long distances. It is shown to prevent massive AC grid expansion, and therefore positively impact the environment.

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