Fraunhofer-Institut für Produktionsanlagen und Konstruktionstechnik IPK

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Veränderte Kompetenzanforderungen im Rahmen von Digitalisierung und Industrie 4.0

2020 , Hecklau, F. , Orth, R. , Kidschun, F. , Tominaj, S.

Die digitale Transformation ist zentraler Treiber für Industrie 4.0. Rasante technische Entwicklungen führen dazu, dass sich Anforderungen an die Kompetenzen der Mitarbeiter verändern. Ziel des Beitrags ist es, die Kompetenzen zu identifizieren, die in der Industrie 4.0 eine zentrale Rolle spielen und zukünftig weiter an Bedeutung gewinnen werden. Hierzu werden die Ergebnisse einer Sekundär- und Primärdatenanalyse vorgestellt. Diese Veröffentlichung zielt ferner darauf ab, einen Beitrag zur Harmonisierung der Grundlagen sowie zur weiteren Entwicklung des Kompetenzmanagements in einer von Digitalisierung geprägten Arbeitswelt zu leisten.

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European standardization of innovation management: The sufficiency of the CEN/TS 16555 in the 6th generation of innovation management

2019 , Cap, J.-P. , Hinzmann, F. , Kohl, H. , Orth, R.

Although being an innovator is an important role to play for significant growth and profitability of firms to gain competitive advantages, companies struggle to find and implement an efficient and effective innovation management system and innovation process for new product development (Salomo et al. 2007). The emerge of innovations is rarely incidentally, therefore, require a systematic approach. To enhance the innovation system, companies are constrained to develop and implement the necessary framework for all innovation activity. Contrary to regular management objectives, innovation management can constrain new barriers and unknown challenges and requires therefore a different approach compared to routine functions (Granig und Perusch 2012). The CEN/TS 16555 has the objective to prescribe technical requirements to be fulfilled for the development and implementation of a sustainable innovation management system into an organisation. The centre of this innovation management model is the innovation process which starts with an idea and ends with innovation results. As organisational aspects, such as innovation supportive leadership, strategy, factors and techniques are key elements of this model, the innovation process get enriched by assessment, improvement and planning of the process itself (Technical Specification 16555-1). This paper investigates the current European standardization activity regarding the implementation of innovation management approaches to tackle the abovementioned challenge of the implementation of innovation management in reference to the in DIN Spec CEN/TS 16555 introduced in 2016 by the European Committee for Standardization (CEN). This paper will analyse the CEN/TS 16555 for its sufficiency regarding the bigger picture of innovation management by linking it to main literature and best practices. For the comparison of the specification and the innovation management requirements and purposes, this paper will specifically focus on the innovation management framework in the 6 generation of innovation management.

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Sustainability incubators

2013 , Kohl, H. , Orth, R. , Galeitzke, M.

Combining the strength of small and medium-sized enterprises to operate and innovate in networks and the guidance of a sustainability incubator is an application-oriented solution to the described mission to progress the sustainable development from the private sector. The beneficial framework conditions for the enterprise network and the direction predetermined by the objective of the sustainability incubator are an initial step towards this imperative. Supporting the small and medium-sized enterprises of the manufacturing sector is an essential economic policy to underline the sustainable development of almost any economy. The provision of education, employment and economic added value are substantial contributions of these enterprises. The knowledge of the enterprises and thereby the capabilities of the personnel within the network are utilized to create services and products in an effective and efficient way enabling the increase of sustainability performance of the individual enterprises. The strong and innovative network that is coordinated by the sustainability incubator benefits of the systematic management of the success factors and their utilization and gains potential to increase its innovation activities in regard to environmental and social determination factors. The division corporate management of the Fraunhofer Institute for Production Systems and Design Technology (IPK) has gathered experience in both the provision of knowledge management solutions as well as the research regarding knowledge management in networks to increase sustainability. Furthermore the development of new methodologies for the measurement and evaluation of the sustainability performance of SME is an essential aspect of its research and development activities. As part of the future research, a case study with a network of collaborating SMEs is intended that utilizes the learning about small scale enterprises and incubators, the strategic and implementation planning of science and technology parks as well as the comprehensive understanding of national innovation systems.

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Fit für den Wissenswettbewerb mit ProWis

2009 , Voigt, S. , Gatzke, J. , Kohl, I. , Orth, R. , Ulmer, P.

Vor allem mittelständische Unternehmen benötigen einfache Vorgehensweisen für die effiziente Nutzung von Wissen. Im Verbundprojekt ProWis wurden daher 15 KMU durch die Fraunhofer-Institute IFF und IPK bei der nachhaltigen Umsetzung von Wissensmanagement unterstützt und begleitet. Es wurde ein Methodenset entwickelt, das KMU befähigt, mit überschaubarem Aufwand Wissensmanagement im Unternehmen einzuführen und so zentrale Geschäftsprozesse zu optimieren. Wesentlich bei der Umsetzung ist ein pragmatisches Vorgehen in acht Schritten, das mit einer ausführlichen Analyse und einer systematischen Beschreibung der Ausgangssituation und der bestehenden Rahmenbedingungen beginnt. Dazu werden qualitative und quantitative Methoden des Fraunhofer IPK eingesetzt. Es folgt ein Wissensmanagement-Audit mit standardisierten Online-Fragebogen zur Identifikation von Wissensbedarf und -verfügbarkeit sowie den vorhandenen Kernaktivitäten und Gestaltungsfeldern. In einer Geschäftsprozessorientierten Wissensmanagement-Analyse werden gezielt die Wissensdomänen betrachtet, bei denen Relevanz und Verfügbarkeit weit auseinander liegen. Auf der Grundlage dieser Ergebnisse entsteht schließlich ein detailliertes Bild über bestehende Defizite, woraufhin konkrete Ansatzpunkte zur Optimierung des Umgangs mit Wissen innerhalb der Geschäftsprozesse des Unternehmens ermittelt werden. Beide Analysemethoden wurden im Verlauf der Projektdauer soweit vereinfacht und standardisiert, dass sie von mittelständischen Unternehmen selbst angewendet werden können. Erfolgsfaktoren bei der Einführung sind vor allem: kleine Schritte und schnelle Erfolge; die begleitende Kommunikation an die Mitarbeiter und deren Einbeziehung; Projektleiter mit definierten Zuständigkeiten und Budget; eine dezidierte Unterstützung des Managements; klares, einfaches und systematisches Vorgehen sowie die externe Begleitung. Besonders die (sehr zurückhaltende) Begleitung wurde als sehr positiv von den Unternehmen empfunden, da sie Kontinuität und Objektivität in den Einführungsprozess brachte. Der ProWis-Ansatz bietet demnach die richtige Mischung von Beratungsleistung und selbstorganisiertem Handeln.

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Towards sustainable evolution of bioeconomy: The role of technology and innovation management

2020 , Tsog, S. , Haunschild, J. , Orth, R.

The bioeconomy has a great potential to contribute to the transformation process of industry landscape and ultimately drive the economy towards sustainability. However, bioeconomy per se is not necessarily sustainable and technology should be an enabler rather than a panacea to all our ecological, social, and economic issues. Therefore, to draw and maximize benefits from bioeconomy in terms of sustainability, we propose that innovative activities should encompass not only novel technologies and bio-based new materials but also multifocal innovations where innovation management plays a substantial role. The knowledge generation and innovation are although at the core of transition towards a more sustainable bio-based economy, to date, there is a significant lack of concepts and models that approach bioeconomy from the innovation management approach. The aim of this paper is to conduct a qualitative literature study on the sustainability challenges that bioeconomy entails thus far using literature databases. Based on our analysis we found that a successful transition to sustainable bioeconomy is conditioned on heterogenous and contested factors in terms of stakeholders, activities, and modes of innovation. In addition, multifocal innovations occur when actors from interdisciplinary fields engage in intensive and continuous interaction where the focus of innovation is allocated to a field of mutually evolving sociotechnical practices that correspond to the aims of the novel paradigm of transformative innovation policy. Firms, therefore, require skilled professionals that have certain capabilities and skills such as: foresight for future markets, ability to deal with complex issues, ability to guide responsible R&D, ability of strategic decision making, manage in-depth innovation systems analysis including value chain analysis. Policy makers, on the other hand, need to acknowledge the essential role of firms in the transformative innovation policy paradigm.

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Comparative analysis of German and Brazilian innovation systems to improve binational cooperation

2017 , Melo, G. , Haunschild, J. , Orth, R. , Will, M. , Kohl, H.

Brazil is the core economy of Latin America, and Germany plays that role for the EU. Bilateral relations between Brazil and Germany are long-standing and comprehensive. For more than 140 years, Brazil and Germany have been connected by active bilateral diplomatic relations. Based on this solid relation and their economic positions, it is interesting to find means of collaboration, especially in long-term strategies as innovation. Based on broadly literature review, this study attempts to identify strength and weaknesses of each National Innovation System through a framework that comprises six different functions and three types of interactions between the actors in the system. They are policy formulation, performing R&D, financing R&D, promotion of human resource development, technology bridging, promotion of technological entrepreneurship; R&D collaboration, technology diffusion, labour mobility. This research contributes to a new perspective that is particularly interested in the differences in these structures in developing countries and countries at the frontier. Besides, the outcome of this study guides insights on how two leading economies, which have historical great relations, could better cooperate in innovation, science and technology field. This study attempts to examine, by means of a SWOT analysis, the Brazilian and German Innovation System in order to suggest improvements on each system and the binational cooperation concerning science, technology and innovation. The first step of the paper is the identification of the strengths and weakness in each National Innovation System based on library resources, articles, reports and other secondary data. In a second step, through interviews with relevant experts, the study tries to clarify the opportunities and threats on the binational cooperation.

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Integrating intellectual capital and sustainability management: Perspectives for the internal management and external reporting in small and medium sized enterprises

2011 , Mertins, K. , Orth, R.

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Development of an organizational structure model as a basis for the assessment of the digital transformation of organizations

2019 , Kidschun, F. , Hecklau, F. , Orth, R. , Wackernagel, J.P. , Singer, K.

The digital transformation has a significant impact on organizations of all sectors. New business models and business processes are establishing themselves; the development of products and services is changing as well as the interaction with customers, partners and suppliers. As these changes create new requirements for organizations, they need to re-orientate and adapt to these requirements. Accordingly, they must know their own position within this changing environment. Against this background, organizational processes and models need to be revised. The aim of this contribution is the development of a model that describes the organizational structure consisting of relevant elements of corporate development and their interaction in the context of digital transformation. This serves as a basis for the derivation and structuring of assessment items with regard to the creation of an assessment model, which will allow the self-assessment of the status quo of organizations on their specific path of digital transformation.

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Sustainability analysis for indicator-based benchmarking solutions

2013 , Kohl, H. , Orth, R. , Riebartsch, O.

In times of scarce resources, the concept of sustainability management has become tremendously important within today's business environment. The integration of a sustainable perspective into corporate management structures does not only satisfy the involved stakeholders, but rather prepares a company to cope with the continuously increasing challenges on the markets. The Fraunhofer Institute for Production Systems and Design Technology (IPK) offers the BenchmarkIndex-Analysis that allows especially small and medium-sized enterprises (SME) to measure their business performance based on selected indicators of the Balanced Scorecard (BSC). Since the methodology and the broad dissemination of the BenchmarkIndex represent a promising opportunity for a wide application of sustainability management solutions, an analysis of existing and potential sustainability indicators was carried out to identify how an adaption of the BenchmarkIndex can consider the long-term economic, but in particular the environmental and social aspects of sustainability.

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Fit für die Zukunft mit dem ProWis-Ansatz

2010 , Orth, R. , Voigt, S.

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