Prof. Dr.

Gumbsch, Peter

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A review on 3D architected pyrolytic carbon produced by additive micro/nanomanufacturing

2024 , Eggeler, Yolita M. , Chan, Ka Chun , un, Qing , Díaz Lantada, Andrés , Mager, Dario , Schwaiger, Ruth , Gumbsch, Peter , Schröder, Rasmus , Wenzel, Wolfgang , Korvink, Jan G. , Monsur, Islam

Additive micro/nano-manufacturing of polymeric precursors combining with a subsequent pyrolysis step enables the design-controlled fabrication of micro/nano-architected 3D pyrolytic carbon structures with complex architectural details. Pyrolysis results in a significant geometrical shrinkage of the pyrolytic carbon structure, leading to a structural dimension significantly smaller than the resolution limit of the involved additive manufacturing technology. Combining with the material properties of carbon and 3D architectures, architected 3D pyrolytic carbon exhibits exceptional properties, which are significantly superior to that of bulk carbon materials. This article presents a comprehensive review of the manufacturing processes of micro/nano-architected pyrolytic carbon materials, their properties, and corresponding demonstrated applications. Acknowledging the "young" age of the field of micro/nano-architected carbon, this article also addresses the current challenges and paints the future research directions of this field.

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In situ pyrolysis of 3D printed microstructures - an ESEM study

2022 , Sun, Qing , Dolle, Christian , Kurpiers, Chantal , Schwaiger, Ruth , Gumbsch, Peter , Eggeler, Yolita M.

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In Situ Pyrolysis of 3D Printed Building Blocks for Functional Nanoscale Metamaterials

2024 , Quing, Sun , Dolle, Christian , Kurpiers, Chantal , Kraft, Christian , Monsur, Islam , Schwaiger, Ruth , Gumbsch, Peter , Eggeler, Yolita M.

This study presents a novel approach for investigating the shrinkage dynamics of 3D-printed nanoarchitectures during isothermal pyrolysis, utilizing in situ electron microscopy. For the first time, the temporal evolution of 3D structures is tracked continuously until a quasi-stationary state is reached. By subjecting the 3D objects to different temperatures and atmospheric conditions, significant changes in the resulting kinetic parameters and morphological textures of the 3D objects are observed, particularly those possessing varying surface-to-volume ratios. Its results reveal that the effective activation energy required for pyrolysis-induced morphological shrinkage is approximately four times larger under vacuum conditions than in a nitrogen atmosphere (2.6 eV vs. 0.5-0.9 eV, respectively). Additionally, a subtle enrichment of oxygen on the surfaces of the structures for pyrolysis in nitrogen is found through a postmortem electron energy loss spectroscopy study, differentiating the vacuum pyrolysis. These findings are examined in the context of the underlying process parameters, and a mechanistic model is proposed. As a result, understanding and controlling pyrolysis in 3D structures of different geometrical dimensions not only enables precise modification of shrinkage and the creation of tensegrity structures, but also promotes pyrolytic carbon development with custom architectures and properties, especially in the field of carbon micro- and nano-electromechanical systems.

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In situ micro-pyrolysis of 3D nano-printed electron beam sensitive metamaterials

2021 , Sun, Qing , Dolle, Christian , Kurpiers, Chantal , Schwaiger, Ruth , Gumbsch, Peter , Eggeler, Yolita M.

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Electrical Conductivity and Photodetection in 3D-Printed Nanoporous Structures via Solution-Processed Functional Materials

2023 , Xia, Kai , Dong, Zheqin Qing , Sun, Qing , Debastiani, Rafaela , Liu, Sida , Jin, Qihao , Li, Yang , Paetzold, Ulrich W. , Gumbsch, Peter , Lemmer, Uli , Eggeler, Yolita M. , Levkin, Pavel A. , Hernandez-Sosa, Gerardo

3D-printed conductive structures are highly attractive due to their great potential for customizable electronic devices. While the traditional 3D printing of metal requires high temperatures to sinter metal powders or polymer/metal composites, low or room temperature processes will be advantageous to enable multi-material deposition and integration of optoelectronic applications. Herein, digital light processing technology and inkjet printing are combined as an effective strategy to fabricate customized 3D conductive structures. In this approach, a 3D-printed nanoporous (NPo) polymeric material is used as a substrate onto which a nanoparticle-based Ag ink is printed. SEM and X-ray nano computed tomography (nanoCT) measurements show that the porous morphology of the pristine NPo is retained after deposition and annealing of the Ag ink. By optimizing the deposition conditions, conductive structures with sheet resistance <2 Ω sq-1 are achieved when annealing at temperatures as low as 100 Â°C. Finally, the integration of an inkjet-printed photodetector is investigated based on an organic semiconductor active layer onto the NPo substrate. Thus, the potential of this approach is demonstrated for the additive manufacturing of functional 3D-printed optoelectronic devices.

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