Dipl.-Phys.

König, Niels

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  • Publication
    Techno-Economic Evaluation of 5G-NSA-NPN for Networked Control Systems
    ( 2022)
    Kiesel, Raphael
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    Schmitt, Sarah orcid-logo
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    König, Niels orcid-logo
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    Brochhaus, Maximilian
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    Vollmer, Thomas
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    Stichling, Kirstin
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    Mann, Alexander
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    Schmitt, Robert H.
    Wireless closed-loop control systems, so-called networked control systems (NCS) promise technical and economic benefits for production applications. To realize prospective benefits, the right communication technology is key. The fifth generation of mobile communication is predicted to have a significant impact on the deployment of NCS in the industrial connectivity landscape. However, there are different options for 5G deployment influencing both technical performance and economic aspects of the network. This in turn is expected to have a techno-economic influence on the production itself. Thus, a trade-off between the necessary technical performance of the 5G network and the benefits for the production must be executed. This paper, therefore, aims to analyze the techno-economic benefits of 5G deployment for closed-loop control systems in production. To reach this aim, first, the fundamentals of techno-economic analysis are introduced. Second, the results of an experimental performance analysis of a 5G-NSA-NPN at Fraunhofer IPT in Aachen are shown. Third, based on the results from the experimental study, a model-based techno-economic ex-ante evaluation of 5G-NSA-NPN for closed-loop applications is performed, and an exemplar is shown for a BLISK milling use case. Finally, the results are summarized and an outlook for further research is given. The analysis shows a difference in net present value for 5G deployment of EUR 2.6 M after 10 years and a difference of OPEX per product of around EUR -1000 per BLISK. Furthermore, analysis shows an increase in productivity (0.73%), quality (30.75%), and sustainability (2.87%). This indicates a noticeable improvement of a 5G-controlled NCS.
  • Publication
    Needle to needle robot‐assisted manufacture of cell therapy products
    ( 2022)
    Ochs, Jelena
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    Hanga, Mariana P.
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    Shaw, Georgina
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    Duffy, Niamh
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    Kulik, Michael
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    Tissin, Nokilaj
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    Reibert, Daniel
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    Biermann, Ferdinand
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    Moutsatsou, Panagiota
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    Ratnayake, Shibani
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    Nienow, Alvin
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    König, Niels orcid-logo
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    Schmitt, Robert
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    Rafiq, Qasim
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    Hewitt, Christopher J.
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    Barry, Frank
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    Murphy, J. Mary
    Advanced therapeutic medicinal products (ATMPs) have emerged as novel therapiesfor untreatable diseases, generating the need for large volumes of high-quality,clinically-compliant GMP cells to replace costly, high-risk and limited scale manualexpansion processes. We present the design of a fully automated, robot-assistedplatform incorporating the use of multiliter stirred tank bioreactors for scalable pro-duction of adherent human stem cells. The design addresses a needle-to-needleclosed process incorporating automated bone marrow collection, cell isolation,expansion, and collection into cryovials for patient delivery. AUTOSTEM, a modular,adaptable, fully closed system ensures no direct operator interaction with biologicalmaterial; all commands are performed through a graphic interface. Seeding of sourcematerial, process monitoring, feeding, sampling, harvesting and cryopreservation areautomated within the closed platform, comprising two clean room levels enablingboth open and closed processes. A bioprocess based on human MSCs expanded onmicrocarriers was used for proof of concept. Utilizing equivalent culture parameters,the AUTOSTEM robot-assisted platform successfully performed cell expansion at theliter scale, generating results comparable to manual production, while maintaining cellquality postprocessing.