Prof. Dr.-Ing.

Dörr, Jörg

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Abschlussbericht Machbarkeitsstudie: Machbarkeitsstudie zu staatlichen digitalen Datenplattformen für die Landwirtschaft

2021 , Bartels, Nedo , Dörr, Jörg , Fehrmann, Jens , Gennen, Klaus , Groen, Eduard C. , Härtel, Ines , Henningsen, Jens , Herlitzius, Thomas , Jeswein, Thomas , Kunisch, Martin , Martini, Daniel , Rauch, Bernd , Roßner, Sebastian , Striller, Benjamin , Walter, Laura-Sophie

Nach öffentlicher Ausschreibung durch die Bundesanstalt für Landwirtschaft und Ernährung (BLE) - im Auftrag des Bundesministeriums für Ernährung und Landwirtschaft (BMEL) - wurde das Fraunhofer-Institut für Experimentelles Software Engineering IESE in Kaiserslautern zusammen mit seinen Unterauftragnehmern - Kuratorium für Technik und Bauwesen in der Landwirtschaft e.V. (KTBL), Technische Universität Dresden, Professur für Agrarsystemtechnik, sowie anfangs die Europa-Universität Viadrina Frankfurt (Oder), später die Kanzlei Legerlotz Laschet und Partner Rechtsanwälte Partnerschaft mbB (LLR) - als neutrale Stelle mit der Durchführung einer Machbarkeitsstudie zu möglichen staatlichen digitalen Datenplattformen für die Landwirtschaft beauftragt. Ziel der Studie ist es, dem BMEL und der BLE wissenschaftlich fundierte Informationen und technische Konzepte bereitzustellen, die als Entscheidungsgrundlage für zukünftige Aktivitäten genutzt werden können. Konkret geht es u.a. um die Frage, ob die Landwirtschaft in Deutschland eine staatliche Datenplattform braucht, welche Daten relevant sind und wie die Plattform technisch aufgebaut sein könnte. Die Ergebnisse der Studie sollen dabei helfen, den Bedarf zu verstehen und die passenden Entscheidungen zu treffen, um die Landwirtschaft optimal bei der digitalen Transformation unterstützen zu können. Dieser Abschlussbericht dokumentiert umfassend die Ergebnisse der Machbarkeitstudie. Neben detaillierten Antworten zu den in der Ausschreibung gestellten Fragen berichtet er über die Vorgehensweise im Projekt, fasst die wesentlichen Ergebnisse zusammen und gibt Handlungsempfehlungen für das weitere Vorgehen.

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Scouting the Autonomous Agricultural Machinery Market

2019 , Dörr, Jörg , Fairclough, Bob , Henningsen, Jens , Jahic, Jasmin , Kersting, Stefan , Mennig, Patrick , Peper, Christian , Scholten-Buschhoff, Friederike

The development and introduction of machines ranging from highly automated to driverless will have a strong impact on global agriculture - there is no doubt about this. Today, fully autonomous tractors or combine harvesters are no longer prototypes, but are already in use in preliminary stages. This inevitably raises the question of how fast and to what extent the new technologies will determine the market in the future. To examine this question, Fraunhofer IESE in cooperation with the Kleffmann Group conducted this study, which deals with the state of the art as well as the future development of the autonomous agricultural machinery market. Several parallel paths were taken in the study: (1) The first task was to identify and classify the influencing factors related to the market. This is linked to the determination of changes in agricultural work processes within the framework of autonomous agricultural machinery development. (2) These influencing factors in combination with corresponding expert assessments as well as market data on tractor sales were then used within the framework of an empirical modeling approach to develop possible future scenarios up to the year 2045.

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Towards Ubiquitous Requirements Engineering

2019 , Villela, Karina , Hess, Anne , Koch, Matthias , Falcão, Rodrigo , Groen, Eduard C. , Dörr, Jörg , Valero, Carol , Ebert, Achim

We have perceived barriers that prevent requirements engineers from contributing properly to the development of the software systems that underpin the digital transformation. We have also realized that breaking down each of these barriers would contribute to requirements engineering (RE) becoming ubiquitous in certain dimensions. In this paper, we point out the transformation that is required to break down each barrier and briefly discuss each dimension of ubiquity. Our goal is to raise the interest of the research community in providing approaches to address the barriers and move towards ubiquitous RE.

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Focusing Requirements Elicitation by Using a UX Measurement Method

2018 , Ohashi, Kyoko , Katayama, Asako , Hasegawa, Naoki , Kurihara, Hidetoshi , Yamamoto, Rieko , Dörr, Jörg , Magin, Dominik Pascal

Many User Experience (UX) activities are carried out during requirements engineering phases, e.g. understanding and assessing the UX of existing systems, and eliciting functional and non-functional requirements that improve UX. These activities are typically performed by requirements engineers who are non-UX experts. It is necessary to provide a good UX in order to ensure long-term motivation of users, especially in business applications. UX has various characteristics of differing importance; it can be difficult for RE engineers to grasp all characteristics of UX and to judge which characteristics are important and which need to be improved. We propose a two-step approach to solve these difficulties. The first step is the definition of a UX quality model and corresponding metrics. We propose an approach to calculate the UX score of a business application using the value of these metrics. The second step is a process to identify insufficient characteristics within the calculated UX score. In this paper we present the aforementioned approach to collect and calculate the UX score of a product, show how to identify serious UX-related problems as part of requirements engineering activities, and present the results obtained from an initial validation of our quality model and related questionnaire. With our approach, we enable RE experts who are non-UX experts to find the necessary requirements to improve UX.

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Enabling Users to Specify Correct Privacy Requirements

2019 , Rudolph, Manuel , Polst, Svenja , Dörr, Jörg

Privacy becomes more and more important for users of digital services. Recent studies show that users are concerned about having too little control over their personal data. However, if users get more possibilities for self-determining the privacy effecting their personal data, it must be guaranteed that the resulting privacy requirements are correct. This means, they reflect the user's actual privacy demands. There exist multiple approaches for specifying privacy requirements as an end user, which we call specification paradigms. We assume that a matching of specification paradigms to users based on empirical data can positively influence the objective and perceived correctness. We use the user type model by Dupree, which categorizes users by their motivation and knowledge. We experimentally determined the best match of user types and paradigms. We show that participants with less knowledge and motivation make more mistakes and that a strong limitation of selection options increases objective and perceived correctness of the specified privacy requirements.

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Ubiquitous Requirements Engineering

2019 , Villela, Karina , Groen, Eduard Christian , Dörr, Jörg

In recent years, we have witnessed profound changes in business and society. The use of digital technologies has brought about disruptive changes in every domain, changes that are widely known as the "digital transformation." Systems are growing increasingly interconnected and complex with cyberphysical systems even sensing and actuating in the physical world. Typical computer, tablet, and smartphone users include anyone from children to the elderly. A single software product can now easily reach audiences of millions with unprecedented opportunities to obtain feedback.

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Requirements Engineering for Innovative Software Ecosystems: A Research Preview

2019 , Villela, Karina , Kedlaya, Shashank , Dörr, Jörg

[Context and motivation] In order to stay competitive in the Digital Transformation era, many organizations are engaging in innovative software ecosystems (SES). However, there is a lack of specific methods for tackling SES engineering challenges. [Question/problem] This paper presents a Requirements Engineering (RE) decision framework and a process for guiding key SES partners in the process of shaping their SES. [Principal ideas/results] Both the framework and the process build upon the results of a literature review and interviews with practitioners, and have undergone a preliminary qualitative evaluation. [Contribution] The systematic approach for shaping SES together with an explicit and clear definition of its application context will enable practitioners and researchers to apply it and/or translate it to other application contexts.

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Reprogramming Low-end IoT Devices from the Cloud

2019 , Baccelli, Emmanuel , Dörr, Jörg , Jallouli, Ons , Kikuchi, Shinji , Morgenstern, Andreas , Padilla, Francisco Acosta , Schleiser, Kaspar , Thomas, Ian

The Internet of Things (IoT) consists in a variety of smart connected objects, among which a category of low-end devices based on micro-controllers. The orchestration of low-end IoT devices is not straightforward because of the lack of generic and holistic solutions articulating cloud-based tools on one hand, and low-end IoT device software on the other hand. In this paper, we describe such a solution, combining a cloud-based IDE, graphical programming, and automatic JavaScript generation. Scripts are pushed over the Internet and over-the-air for the last hop, updating runtime containers hosted on heterogeneous low-end IoT devices running RIOT. We demonstrate a prototype working on common off-the-shelf low-end IoT hardware with as little as 32kB of memory.

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Orchestration of IoT Device and Business Workflow Engine on Cloud

2019 , Kikuchi, Shinji , Thomas, Ian , Jallouli, Ons , Dörr, Jörg , Morgenstern, Andreas , Baccelli, Emmanuel , Schleiser, Kaspar

Along with increasing demands for IoT (Internet of Things) solutions for business digitalization, the capability of easy and quick installation of IoT service is highly demanded. To achieve this, we developed a prototype of cloud-IoT orchestration framework providing capabilities of registration of IoT device, business workflow editor and deployment of workflows to IoT device through wireless network. In this paper, we explain the architecture of our framework and demonstrate its capability through a use case scenario of intrusion detection.

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Jenseits von Workshops: Neue Wege zur Einbindung von Nutzern

2019 , Hess, Anne , Koch, Matthias , Magin, Dominik Pascal , Dörr, Jörg

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