Fraunhofer-Institut für System- und Innovationsforschung ISI

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  • Publication
    The impact of European community policies upon science and technology in Germany
    ( 1994)
    Reger, G.
    The importance of the Commission of the European Communities as a policy agent in the German research landscape has increased over the last 10 years. German participants in the Second Framework Programme form a relatively small community; however, there is a large potential in Germany for future participation in EC programmes. One important impact of EC projects for participating enterprises, higher education institutes and non-university R&D institutes is the improvement of the knowledge base and scientific skills. Another crucial impact is the bringing together European R&D actors and supporting the creation of a "European technology community". These and other results of the German IMPACT study were presented.
  • Publication
    Die Bedeutung der Forschungsförderung der Europäischen Union für die deutsche Forschungslandschaft
    ( 1994)
    Reger, G.
    The importance of the Commission of the European Communities as a policy agent in the German research landscape has increased over the last 10 years. German participants in the Second Framework Programme form a relatively small community; however, there is a large potential in Germany for future participation in EC programmes. One important impact of EC projects for participating enterprises, higher education institutes and non-university R&D institutes is the improvement of the knowledge base and scientific skills. Another crucial impact is the bringing together European R&D actors and supporting the creation of a "European technology community". These and other results of the German IMPACT study were presented at the meeting of the "Bund-Länder-Aussch uss Forschung und Technologie" in Brussels on October 26th, 1994. The importance of the Commission of the European Communities as a policy agent in the German research landscape has increased over the last 10 years. German participants in the Second Framework Programme form a relatively small community; however, there is a large potential in Germany for future participation in EC programmes. One important impact of EC projects for participating enterprises, higher education institutes and non-university R&D institutes is the improvement of the knowledge base and scientific skills. Another crucial impact is the bringing together European R&D actors and supporting the creation of a "European technology community". These and other results of the German IMPACT study were presented at the meeting of the "Bund-Länder-Ausschuss Forschung und Technologie" in Brussels on October 26th, 1994.
  • Publication
    Wirtschaftsnahe Forschung für den industriellen Aufbau in den neuen Bundesländern. Situation - Perspektiven - Handlungsbedarf
    ( 1992)
    Kuhlmann, S.
    The decline of industrial research in East Germany has reached dramatic proportions. Of the 75.000 researchers involved in industrial research at the beginning of 1990 - according to representative polls carried out at the beginning of October 1992 - at the most 15.000 are still present in the new federal states. The number of industrial researchers, compared with the old federal states, has reached a ratio of 1:15. Moreover, the market for industrially oriented R&D in Germany is overstaffed in many fields; it is also characterized by decreasing research contracts from industry and cut-backs in state promotion of industry-related research. With this background it is especially difficult for institutions of the public R&D infrastructure and R&D enterprises in East Germany to become established: in the face of extremely unfavourable starting conditions (disrupted relations to earlier partners in industry, lack of capital, insecurity about property rights, antiquated facilities, danger of losing qualified personell) they are exposed, in spite of high performance capability and willingness, to extremely tough competion. In the meantime, many attempts, via both economic and technology policy, are being made to promote the public R&D infrastructure and the innovatitive capability of East German firms. In the future the governments of the new federal states above all will have to bear special responsibility in this process. A glance at the variety of existing promotional measures which are provided by the federal state (Land) in the old federal states makes clear that East Germany has a lot of catching up to do, even though the governments of the new states are becoming increasingly active in this field. The decline of industrial research in East Germany has reached dramatic proportions. Of the 75.000 researchers involved in industrial research at the beginning of 1990 - according to representative polls carried out at the beginning of October 1992 - at the most 15.000 are still present in the new federal states. The number of industrial researchers, compared with the old federal states, has reached a ratio of 1:15. Moreover, the market for industrially oriented R&D in Germany is overstaffed in many fields; it is also characterized by decreasing research contracts from industry and cut-backs in state promotion of industry-related research. With this background it is especially difficult for institutions of the public R&D infrastructure and R&D enterprises in East Germany to become established: in the face of extremely unfavourable starting conditions (disrupted relations to earlier partners in industry, lack of capital, insecurity about property rights, antiquated facilities, danger of losing qualified personell) they are exposed, in spite of high performance capability and willingness, to extremely tough competion. In the meantime, many attempts, via both economic and technology policy, are being made to promote the public R&D infrastructure and the in novatitive capability of East German firms. In the future the governments of the new federal states above all will have to bear special responsibility in this process. A glance at the variety of existing promotional measures which are provided by the federal state (Land) in the old federal states makes clear that East Germany has a lot of catching up to do, even though the governments of the new states are becoming increasingly active in this field. The decline of industrial research in East Germany has reached dramatic proportions. Of the 75.000 researchers involved in industrial research at the beginning of 1990 - according to representative polls carried out at the beginning of October 1992 - at the most 15.000 are still present in the new federal states. The number of industrial researchers, compared with the old federal states, has reached a ratio of 1:15. Moreover, the market for industrially oriented R&D in Germany is overstaffed in many fields; it is also characterized by decr easing research contracts from industry and cut-backs in state promotion of industry-related research. With this background it is especially difficult for institutions of the public R&D infrastructure and R&D enterprises in East Germany to become established: in the face of extremely unfavourable starting conditions (disrupted relations to earlier partners in industry, lack of capital, insecurity about property rights, antiquated facilities, danger of losing qualified personell) they are exposed, in spite of high performance capability and willingness, to extremely tough competion. In the meantime, many attempts, via both economic and technology policy, are being made to promote the public R&D infrastructure and the innovatitive capability of East German firms. In the future the governments of the new federal states above all will have to bear special responsibility in this process. A glance at the variety of existing promotional measures which are provided by the federal state (Land) in the old federal states makes clear that East Germany has a lot of catching up to do, even though the governments of the new states are becoming increasingly active in this field. The decline of industrial research in East Germany has reached dramatic proportions. Of the 75.000 researchers involved in industrial research at the beginning of 1990 - according to representative polls carried out at the beginning of October 1992 - at the most 15.000 are still present in the new federal states. The number of industrial researchers, compared with the old federal states, has reached a ratio of 1:15. Moreover, the market for industrially oriented R&D in Germany is overstaffed in many fields; it is also characterized by decreasing research contracts from industry and cut-backs in state promotion of industry-related research. With this background it is especially difficult for institutions of the public R&D infrastructure and R&D enterprises in East Germany to become established: in the face o f extremely unfavourable starting conditions (disrupted relations to earlier partners in industry, lack of capital, insecurity about property rights, antiquated facilities, danger of losing qualified personell) they are exposed, in spite of high performance capability and willingness, to extremely tough competion. In the meantime, many attempts, via both economic and technology policy, are being made to promote the public R&D infrastructure and the in novatitive capability of East German firms. In the future the governments of the new federal states above all will have to bear special responsibility in this process. A glance at the variety of existing promotional measures which are provided by the federal state (Land) in the old federal states makes clear that East Germany has a lot of catching up to do, even though the governments of the new states are becoming increasingly active in this field.