Fraunhofer-Institut für System- und Innovationsforschung ISI

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Now showing 1 - 10 of 179
  • Publication
    Nachhaltigkeitstransformation der urbanen Infrastruktur in Deutschland
    ( 2024)
    Hohmann, Claudia orcid-logo
    ;
    Bieker, Susanne orcid-logo
    Die Umsetzung blau-grüner Infrastrukturen (BGI) als Ergänzung konventioneller Stadtentwässserungsmaßnahmen gilt als vielversprechend für die urbane Anpassung an Klimafolgen. BGI umfassen unterschiedliche Maßnahmen, beispielsweise Gründächer, Mulden oder Rigolen. Je nach Maßnahme ist die Umsetzung unterschiedlich komplex. Durch die Integration von BGI verändern sich oftmals die Rollen von Akteur:innen aufgrund von neuen Schlüsselaufgaben, Ressourcen, Möglichkeiten der Wertgenerierung und Kostenentstehung, und es können neue Anforderungen an die Art der Zusammenarbeit zwischen den Akteur:innen entstehen. Diese Veränderungen müssen bei der Planung und Implementierung sowie im Betrieb von BGI frühzeitig berücksichtigt werden, um Umsetzungshemmnissen aufgrund dieser Veränderungen vorzugreifen. Dafür bietet das Infrastructure-Transition-Canvas wertvolle Unterstützung
  • Publication
    Discourses around decline
    ( 2023)
    Markard, Jochen
    ;
    Isoaho, Karoliina
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    Widdel, Linda orcid-logo
    To accelerate sustainability transitions, policymakers have to set clear targets for the decline and phase-out of unsustainable technologies. As such decisions are contested, many different actor groups engage in the politics and discourse around decline. This chapter compares the debates surrounding coal phase-out in three countries: the UK, Germany and Finland. Despite major differences, e.g. in the relevance of coal for energy supply and jobs, we find many similarities in discourse dynamics, key arguments and the actor groups engaged. Our findings can therefore inform debates about coal and other unsustainable technologies in places where phase-outs are still pending. Our analysis advances the repertoire of comparative studies in transitions research, and shows how the technological innovation systems framework can be mobilized to also explore processes of technology decline.
  • Publication
    Exploring the ambivalent nature of diversity in social experimental settings: First insights from social labs established to promote responsible research and innovation
    ( 2023)
    Yorulmaz, Merve
    ;
    Bührer-Topçu, Susanne orcid-logo
    Research has provided ample evidence for the performance-enhancing effect of diversity on a wide range of organizational outcomes (Terjesen et al. 2009). The positive effects are manifold and range from better decision-making and corporate governance through better financial performance (Post and Byron 2015), more creativity and innovativeness to more responsible and ethical business conduct (Pechersky et al. 2016). In the context of Research & Innovation (R & I), the cooperation of a diversity of stakeholders has been shown to promote more responsible or ethical business practices (Wood 2002).
  • Publication
    The shape of global technology assessment
    ( 2023)
    Ladikas, Miltos
    ;
    Hahn, Julia
    ;
    Hennen, Leonhard
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    Est, Rinie van
    ;
    Peissl, Walter
    ;
    Lindner, Ralf orcid-logo
    This chapter draws tentative conclusions from the findings of the book contributions with regard to possible future ways to organise TA on a global scale. These considerations comprise a discussion of possible organisational shapes that can support the global interchange and sharing of TA capacities, and increase its political relevance and operability on a global level. Beyond such medium- and long-term aspirations, the outlook reflects on more short-term practical steps that could be taken within the globalTA Network to improve interchange of knowledge and expertise, engage in joint projects and mutually foster analytical and methodological capacities.
  • Publication
    Tracing technology assessment internationally - TA activities in12 countries across the globe
    ( 2023)
    Hahn, Julia
    ;
    Heyen, Nils B. orcid-logo
    ;
    Lindner, Ralf orcid-logo
    This chapter aims to describe and highlight current and relevant developments of technology assessment (TA) across several countries and attempts to cluster these according to main areas of activity or modes of institutionalization. By tracing current TA or "TA-like" activities in selected countries across the globe, it highlights several developments, initiatives, or methods, which are interesting and relevant for a global perspective on TA. The focus of this chapter is mainly on non-European countries, which are part of the globalTA network. This provides a unique impression of TA-like activities in Australia, Brazil, Chile, China, Czechia, India, Poland, South Africa, South Korea, Slovakia, Russia, and the USA. This provides an overview of the heterogeneity of socio-political systems, modes of institutionalization of TA, and TA practices in the different countries observed. Yet at the same time, a TA core is visible, addressing potentials and risks of emerging technologies, ways of doing responsible research and innovation, issues of trust and acceptance by the public and different stakeholders, science and technology governance, and the like.
  • Publication
    The institutionalisation of a new paradigm at policy level
    ( 2023)
    Daimer, Stephanie orcid-logo
    ;
    Berghäuser, Hendrik orcid-logo
    ;
    Lindner, Ralf orcid-logo
    The concept of Responsible Research and Innovation (RRI) has experienced a remarkable career within the European Union's policies for funding research and innovation, culminating in the embedding of RRI as a cross-cutting issue in the Horizon 2020 (H2020) framework programme. However, despite favourable conditions, empirical evidence shows that efforts to mainstream RRI at the level of policy practice and implementation by and large failed. With the aim of better understanding the reasons for the limited success of mainstreaming RRI, the authors draw on the concept of Deep Institutionalisation (DI) and adapt it to the analysis of institutionalisation processes related to policy practice and implementation. The adapted DI concept is applied to H2020 by using recent findings from RRI research to provide empirical illustration. The results suggest that key preconditions for the successful institutionalisation of RRI policies were not fulfilled. Specifically, broader policy debates reaching beyond the confines of a small policy arena within the European Commission, a lack of experimental embedding allowing for adjustment to different contexts, and the development of ownership in particular were not achieved. Building on the cornerstones of the DI concept, the authors conclude that attempts to mainstream RRI in H2020 have been premature.
  • Publication
    Social innovation in energy system transformation
    ( 2023)
    Wittmayer, Julia M.
    ;
    Rogge, Karoline S.
    Moves towards decentralisation, digitalisation and decarbonisation of our energy systems are accompanied by changes in actor constellations and their activities. Research has started referring to such changes as social innovation in energy (SIE) and investigated their role in energy system transformation. This contribution provides an overview of the work on SIE along four points: 1) a focus on bottom up activity, 2) the embedding of such bottom up activity in energy markets, 3) an emergent broadening of the understanding of SIE and 4) linkages to social movement perspectives. It then provides two critical reflections and their policy implications: one related to the necessary broadening of the understanding of SIE and a second related to more systematic attempts towards capturing the diversity of SIE - both allowing to not only consider SIE as instrument but as emancipatory concept for counterhegemonic energy system transformation.
  • Publication
    Die Regulierung von Deepfakes auf EU-Ebene: Überblick eines Flickenteppichs und Einordnung des Digital Services Act- und KI-Regulierungsvorschlags
    ( 2023)
    Karaboga, Murat orcid-logo
    Die aus der Verwendung von Deepfakes resultierenden Herausforderungen sind in den letzten Jahren zunehmend in den Fokus der öffentlichen und politischen Diskussion gerückt. Angesichts dessen wurden weltweit und insbesondere in der EU verschiedene Regulierungsbemühungen eingeleitet. Der vorliegende Beitrag skizziert die mit Deepfakes assoziierten Chancen und Herausforderungen und diskutiert die entsprechenden Regulierungsbemühungen mit Fokus auf die EU-Ebene. Im Ergebnis zeigt sich, dass Deepfakes bereits heute in mehrfacher Hinsicht von EU-Recht erfasst werden und dass insbesondere der Digital Services Act (DSA)- und KI-Regulierungsvorschlag (AI Act) einen einschlägigen Regulierungsansatz bilden. Um die Verbreitung von Deepfakes zu regulieren, bleibt allerdings sowohl im Rahmen beider Vorschläge als auch darüber hinaus viel zu tun.
  • Publication
    Public engagement in the tradition of participatory approaches - An approximation
    ( 2023)
    Warnke, Philine orcid-logo
    ;
    Bratan, Tanja orcid-logo
    ;
    Wunderle, Ulrike
    Public engagement is viewed as a prominent aspect of responsible research and innovation (RRI) both in academia and policy circles. In our paper, we would like to contribute to refining the notion of public participation as an RRI element by assessing the potential of four domains of participatory R & I theory and practices that have to date received little recognition in the RRI context: 1. Participatory design, 2. user-led innovation, 3. participatory research and 4. systemic R & I policy instruments. We test the usefulness of our concepts with a set of case studies from a recent RRI research project.