Fraunhofer-Institut für System- und Innovationsforschung ISI

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Now showing 1 - 10 of 1664
  • Publication
    Pillar D - Access to Markets
    ( 2024)
    Moiso, Carlotta
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    Wurster, Simone
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    Blind, Knut orcid-logo
    ;
    Ivarsson, Daniel
    Pillar D examines the progress made by Eastern Partner countries regarding SMEs’ access to both domestic and foreign markets. The chapter starts by looking at policies and tools in place to allow SMEs better access to public procurement markets, focusing on the legal frameworks and the strategies developed to support SME participation. It then reviews recent improvements in standards and technical regulation, looking at overall co-ordination and general measures, level of harmonisation with EU acquis, SME access to standardisation, and digitalisation of standards and technical regulations. Finally, this chapter investigates efforts to boost SME internationalisation through support for export promotion, SME integration into GVCs, and the use of e-commerce, as well as through the adoption of trade facilitation measures. For each one of these three areas, a set of dedicated policy recommendations is provided to guide EaP countries in their strategic actions for the forthcoming years.
  • Publication
    Intangibles. A Challenge to Policy Decision Makers
    ( 2024)
    Gadepalli, Sarada Devi
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    Edler, Jakob orcid-logo
    ;
    Lampel, Joseph
    In this study, we seek to highlight the necessity of policies for intangibles. While the extant literature on policies, especially science and technology-related policies, has drawn attention to policies for R&DI, other forms of intangibles specific to the organisation have received scant attention. We describe in detail the characteristics of intangibles and draw attention to the challenges these present for policymakers.
  • Publication
    The role of funders in shaping the UK research landscape
    ( 2024)
    Bone, Frederique
    ;
    Sherbon, Beverly
    Starting with some background literature about research directionality and impact, the chapter explores how the roles of research funders have been tackled in the literature. Secondly, the chapter characterises the funding landscape within the UK, accounting for its variety of players (i.e., research councils, large and smaller funders from the charitable sector, etc.). Thirdly, the chapter then explores the diversity of research funders in this landscape, the variety of funding instruments they use, and how they collaborate to deliver their respective strategies. The chapter ultimately reflects on the positioning of research funders as a collective and their broader role as part of the academic system, and how their funding decisions may more broadly influence the directionality of research.
  • Publication
    Nachhaltigkeitsinnovationen im Mehrebenensystem - Rahmenbedingungen und Anforderungen für die kommunale Ebene im Klimawandel
    ( 2023)
    Lojewski, Hilmar von
    ;
    Bieker, Susanne orcid-logo
    Städte werden aufgrund ihrer Dichte und Proximität von Infrastrukturen und Know-how sowie dem damit verbundenen Zusammenspiel sozialer und ökologischer Prozesse als Räume verstanden, die ein erhebliches Potenzial für die Entwicklung von Innovationen bergen (Bulkeley et al. 2011). Gleichzeitig ist das Wissen vorhanden, was im Kontext Klimaschutz und Klimaanpassung auf kommunaler Ebene geschehen muss. Dennoch liegt die Umsetzung weit hinter dem Bedarf zurück. Der Beitrag widmet sich der Frage »Was bringt Nachhaltigkeitsinnovationen auf kommunaler Ebene voran?« im Kontext von Klimaschutz, Klimaanpassung und Energiekrise. Dies erfolgt in einem Austausch von Wissenschaft und kommunaler Praxis mit Blick auf Akteure, Ressourcen, den politischen Rahmen und erforderliche Kommunikations- und Kooperationsstrukturen
  • Publication
    Global Commons
    ( 2023)
    Harper, Jennifer C.
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    Warnke, Philine orcid-logo
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    Cagnin, Cristiano
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    Georghiou, Luke
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    Smith, Keith
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    Langenhove, Luk van
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    Giesecke, Susanne
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    Cuhls, Kerstin orcid-logo
  • Publication
    The economic analysis of renewable energy policies: a general overview and a historical perspective
    ( 2023)
    Kiefer, Christoph P. orcid-logo
    ;
    Río, Pablo del
    ;
    García-Martínez, Leticia
    The aim of this chapter is to provide a critical, historical overview of the evolution of public policy support for renewable energy technologies, with an emphasis on the last two decades, deployment support and solar and wind technologies. It shows that the economic justification for supporting the development and diffusion of renewable energy technologies has different rationales and that the type of support being provided is contingent upon the situation of the technology in the technology life cycle. It also shows that support for renewable energy technologies has several components, beyond the simplistic identification of “policy” with “instruments”. As important as the instruments are the existence of targets for these technologies and the stability of support. When it comes to instruments, although the focus in the literature has been on deployment support instruments, RD&D support has played a crucial role in improving the quality and reducing the costs of the currently mature technologies. Finally, this chapter illustrates how the success of deployment support instruments strongly depends on the way they are designed, and that trade-offs between different criteria used to assess such success are likely to occur when choosing a given design element over others.
  • Publication
    Drivers and barriers to renewable electricity technologies: lessons from the technological innovation system approach
    ( 2023)
    Río, Pablo del
    ;
    Kiefer, Christoph P. orcid-logo
    The challenge of climate change facing humanity requires a widespread diffusion of renewable energy technologies (RETs). Although the deployment of RETs has been quite impressive in recent times, there is still a long way to go to fully decarbonise electricity systems. Barriers to the development and diffusion of RETs need to be removed, and the drivers should be activated in order to accelerate their uptake. Therefore, insights on those drivers and barriers are required in order to implement policies which encourage the diffusion of RETs. The analysis of those drivers/barriers can greatly benefit from literature on technological innovation systems (TIS) which, indeed, has been applied extensively to analyse the drivers/barriers to RETs. Although some reviews on barriers to RETs are available in the literature, none has focused on the insights provided by the TIS approach. The aim of this chapter is to review the literature on the drivers and barriers to RETs using a TIS approach and to identify relevant insights from this literature. However, some weaknesses of the TIS approach when analyzing the determinants to RETs have also been identified, which suggest that it should be complemented with other streams of the literature and that some missing aspects should be integrated into the TIS approach in order to provide a more complete framework for the analysis of drivers and barriers to RETs.
  • Publication
    Future directions for sustainability transitions research
    ( 2023)
    Köhler, Jonathan orcid-logo
    This chapter summarises future directions for sustainability transitions research, taking into account challenges faced by climate change and other sustainability-related challenges. The motivation for sustainability transitions research is the recognition that environmental problems, such as climate change, loss of biodiversity and resource depletion, are brought about by unsustainable consumption and production patterns in socio-technical systems including electricity, heat, buildings, mobility and agro-food. Transitions research has the objective of understanding how radical, structural change in these socio-technical systems can arise and be supported. The field sees itself as conducting both interdisciplinary and transdisciplinary research. Finally, the chapter outlines future research priorities related to sustainability transitions.