Fraunhofer-Institut für System- und Innovationsforschung ISI

Filters
Reset filters

Settings
Now showing 1 - 10 of 1854
  • Publication
    Entwicklung des Produktionshochlaufs der Brennstoffzellen weltweit
    ( 2024)
    Döscher, Henning orcid-logo
    Die Entwicklung von Brennstoffzell-Technologien ist eng verknüpft mit der Vision eines nachhaltigen Energiesystems. Der drohende Klimawandel drängt akut zur Abkehr von fossilen Energieträgern. In der Öffentlichkeit ist dieses Ziel fest verankert, aber über den Weg dorthin wird weiter heftig debattiert. Das zeigt sich auch beim Thema Wasserstoff: Auf Basis erneuerbarer Erzeugung (‚grün‘) wird er eindeutig eine wichtige Rolle spielen im künftigen Energiesystem. Charakter und Umfang werden in der Politik allerdings noch kontrovers diskutiert. Derweil zeichnen sich am Markt bereits deutliche Signale ab: So führt das Monitoring des Fraunhofer ISI zur Industrialisierung von Brennstoffzell-Technologien im Rahmen des Nationalen Aktionsplans Brennstoffzellproduktion (H2GO) diverse Indikatoren zusammen. Anhand derer verfolgen wir nicht nur die Entwicklung relevanter Forschung und Technologien, sondern aggregieren auch die Markterwartungen der Fachwelt. Wir verbinden die Auswertung und Analyse bestehender Innovationsindikatoren mit dem Aufbau spezifischer Datenbanken zum Produktionshochlauf.
  • Publication
    Stakeholder Analysis and AVENUE Strategies
    ( 2024)
    Duffner-Korbee, Dorien orcid-logo
    ;
    Horschutz Nemoto, Eliane
    ;
    Jaroudi, Ines
    ;
    Boom, Nicole van den
    ;
    Viere, Tobias
    ;
    Naderer, Gabriele
    ;
    Fournier, Guy
    This chapter contains the final stakeholder analysis. It showcases the key actors involved in testing and deploying automated minibuses for public transport in European cities. This assessment helps construct a strategic overview of the expectations, needs, and impacts of the stakeholders and the connections between them. This stakeholder analysis relied on qualitative methods and involved four steps. As a first step, an initial stakeholder scan was conducted. Through a literature review, including both academic and grey literature, and stakeholder mapping techniques, the main stakeholder groups were defined.The second step involved semi-structured interviews to gain a thorough understanding of the objections, perceptions, and information-seeking behaviour of these stakeholder groups. In the third step, a content analysis of the interviews was conducted, which led to the depiction of six key themes. The initial three steps are centred on conducting an analysis at the EU level.
  • Publication
    Nachhaltigkeitstransformation der urbanen Infrastruktur in Deutschland
    ( 2024)
    Hohmann, Claudia orcid-logo
    ;
    Bieker, Susanne orcid-logo
    Die Umsetzung blau-grüner Infrastrukturen (BGI) als Ergänzung konventioneller Stadtentwässserungsmaßnahmen gilt als vielversprechend für die urbane Anpassung an Klimafolgen. BGI umfassen unterschiedliche Maßnahmen, beispielsweise Gründächer, Mulden oder Rigolen. Je nach Maßnahme ist die Umsetzung unterschiedlich komplex. Durch die Integration von BGI verändern sich oftmals die Rollen von Akteur:innen aufgrund von neuen Schlüsselaufgaben, Ressourcen, Möglichkeiten der Wertgenerierung und Kostenentstehung, und es können neue Anforderungen an die Art der Zusammenarbeit zwischen den Akteur:innen entstehen. Diese Veränderungen müssen bei der Planung und Implementierung sowie im Betrieb von BGI frühzeitig berücksichtigt werden, um Umsetzungshemmnissen aufgrund dieser Veränderungen vorzugreifen. Dafür bietet das Infrastructure-Transition-Canvas wertvolle Unterstützung
  • Publication
    The role of funders in shaping the UK research landscape
    ( 2024)
    Bone, Frederique
    ;
    Sherbon, Beverly
    Starting with some background literature about research directionality and impact, the chapter explores how the roles of research funders have been tackled in the literature. Secondly, the chapter characterises the funding landscape within the UK, accounting for its variety of players (i.e., research councils, large and smaller funders from the charitable sector, etc.). Thirdly, the chapter then explores the diversity of research funders in this landscape, the variety of funding instruments they use, and how they collaborate to deliver their respective strategies. The chapter ultimately reflects on the positioning of research funders as a collective and their broader role as part of the academic system, and how their funding decisions may more broadly influence the directionality of research.
  • Publication
    Social Impact Assessment: Changing Mobility Behaviour by Understanding Customer Needs and Attitudes
    ( 2024)
    Duffner-Korbee, Dorien orcid-logo
    ;
    Naderer, Gabriele
    ;
    Liebhauser, Niklas
    ;
    Fournier, Guy
    This chapter presents results from the AVENUE social impact assessment. The assessment focuses on the social impacts of the deployment of automated minibuses in the four official AVENUE cities: Luxembourg, Copenhagen, Geneva, and Lyon. The following studies have been conducted: (1) a qualitative study on mobility needs, mobility gaps, and expectations on automated minibuses in the pilot site Nordhavn, in Copenhagen, Denmark, as well as in a potential replicator site in Singen, Germany; (2) a quantitative, representative study on mobility behaviour, attitudes on automated minibuses, and social acceptance of automated minibuses in the four AVENUE cities; and (3) a study on user experiences of passengers of the automated minibuses service in Nordhavn, Copenhagen. This social impact assessment revealed that the majority of citizens have not yet adopted a clear position towards automated minibuses (AM) but rather a positive, open-minded (benevolent) attitude. As there are no stable attitudes yet, there is a possibility to influence (nudge) preferences through well-targeted communication campaigns. The willingness to use the automated minibus service is higher when it is offered on-demand, door-to-door, integrated into a public transport system. The automated minibus is considered as an alternative to the use of their private car, with 45% of car drivers ‘willing’ (22%) or even ‘very willing’ (23%) to give up using their own car to use automated minibuses to bridge the first and the last mile. In addition, users of the automated minibus are generally satisfied with this experience, which even leads to increasing acceptance and a reduction of perceived risks compared to non-users. An important prerequisite for users to shift from using their private car to an automated minibus service is to increase flexibility of use by providing an on-demand, door-to-door service. If an automated minibus is integrated into the urban public and private transport system, it has the potential to become a real game changer for urban mobility. The integration of automated minibuses therefore represents a real system innovation that takes into account the mobility needs of potential users.
  • Publication
    Pillar D - Access to Markets
    ( 2024)
    Moiso, Carlotta
    ;
    Wurster, Simone
    ;
    Blind, Knut orcid-logo
    ;
    Ivarsson, Daniel
    Pillar D examines the progress made by Eastern Partner countries regarding SMEs’ access to both domestic and foreign markets. The chapter starts by looking at policies and tools in place to allow SMEs better access to public procurement markets, focusing on the legal frameworks and the strategies developed to support SME participation. It then reviews recent improvements in standards and technical regulation, looking at overall co-ordination and general measures, level of harmonisation with EU acquis, SME access to standardisation, and digitalisation of standards and technical regulations. Finally, this chapter investigates efforts to boost SME internationalisation through support for export promotion, SME integration into GVCs, and the use of e-commerce, as well as through the adoption of trade facilitation measures. For each one of these three areas, a set of dedicated policy recommendations is provided to guide EaP countries in their strategic actions for the forthcoming years.
  • Publication
    System Innovation in Passenger Transportation with Automated Minibuses in ITS: The Citizen-Centric Approach of AVENUE
    ( 2024)
    Fournier, Guy
    ;
    Thalhofer, Michael
    ;
    Klarmann, Johannes
    ;
    Chrétien, Philippe
    ;
    Duffner-Korbee, Dorien orcid-logo
    ;
    Boos, Adrian
    ;
    Jaroudi, Ines
    ;
    Horschutz Nemoto, Eliane
    ;
    Binz, Lionel
    ;
    Naderer, Gabriele
    ;
    Konstantas, Dimitri
    ;
    Viere, Tobias
    The first chapter explores three pathways for incorporating automated vehicles (AVs) into future mobility ecosystems: privately owned AVs, robotaxis and automated minibuses in a Mobility-as-a-Service (MaaS) and (later) in an Intelligent Transport System (ITS). The chapter emphasises that automated minibuses, when seamlessly integrated into a MaaS, could emerge as pivotal "game changer", complementing and fostering other means of transport, in particular mass transport. Integrating in a next step AVs within an ITS could further make it possible to use mobility data and artificial intelligence (AI) to improve the transport system to a higher level of mobility evolution. By employing both fast and slow closed AI loops, it envisions a transport ecosystem that not only operates more efficiently and flexibly but is also consequently citizen-centric and addresses sustainability challenges. The successful implementation of this concept hinges on open data, Application Protocol Interface (APIs) and the potential of AI to create a self-learning transport system to serve the general interest. A sustainable and citizen-centric mobility is thus possible without a coercive (technology push) transport policy. Instead, it champions an approach that increases the transport options and enhances the provided mobility services (demand & attractiveness pull). Depending on the local governance, even privately owned or privately shared cars can be part of the model, justified, e.g. in areas where mobility infrastructure deficits loom large or when travel time is too high. This chapter therefore forms the basis for a vision to redesign our mobility ecosystem and marks the beginning of a disrupting system innovation, where integrated sustainability and citizen centricity reshape the nature of mobility.
  • Publication
    Intangibles. A Challenge to Policy Decision Makers
    ( 2024)
    Gadepalli, Sarada Devi
    ;
    Edler, Jakob orcid-logo
    ;
    Lampel, Joseph
    In this study, we seek to highlight the necessity of policies for intangibles. While the extant literature on policies, especially science and technology-related policies, has drawn attention to policies for R&DI, other forms of intangibles specific to the organisation have received scant attention. We describe in detail the characteristics of intangibles and draw attention to the challenges these present for policymakers.
  • Publication
    Sustainability Assessment of the Integration of Automated Minibuses in Urban Mobility Systems: Learnings from the AVENUE Project
    ( 2024)
    Horschutz Nemoto, Eliane
    ;
    Jaroudi, Ines
    ;
    Duffner-Korbee, Dorien orcid-logo
    ;
    Viere, Tobias
    ;
    Naderer, Gabriele
    ;
    Boos, Adrian
    ;
    Boom, Nicole van den
    ;
    Fournier, Guy
    The AVENUE sustainability assessment integrates the environmental, economic and social assessment of the pilot trials of AVENUE. A step further, it adopts an interdisciplinary approach to conduct the analysis and to better understand the complexity of deploying a new form of mobility in urban areas and as part of the transportation system. The goal is to implement new mobility solutions that benefit the city and complement public transport. The findings from the social, environmental and economic impact assessments are embedded in a multidimensional set of indicators for the sustainability assessment of the automated minibuses. As a result, mobility radars are built to illustrate the assessment of the AVENUE demonstrator sites. The results reveal the state of the art of the current deployment of the automated minibuses in the AVENUE test sites. In addition, this study highlights other crucial elements for a sustainable deployment that rely on the mode of deployment of the automated minibuses, the level of integration to urban public transport or within MaaS perspective and the alignment with the city’s goals, planning and strategies for sustainable mobility. Ultimately, the automated minibuses are an innovative piece within the mobility ecosystem that could support intermodality, MaaS, mobility hubs and the use of soft modes of transport.
  • Publication
    Foresight in Germany: A History of Long-Term Views and the Exploration of Futures
    ( 2024)
    Cuhls, Kerstin orcid-logo
    Foresight or futures studies or futures research gained ground at the beginning of the 1970s when the "Limits to Growth" were published, with models of the future, first scenarios, planning and political futures. But it lost impetus and re-started at the beginning of the 1990s with the notion of science and technology Foresight. Foresight in Germany followed different paths after World War II. Whereas in Eastern Germany, a prognostic and planning approach was adopted quickly, the Western part of the country was more hesitative to anticipatory governance approaches. Following US and Japanese approaches first, refinements and combinations of methods brought Germany back to the state of the art in Foresight - especially on the national level. The repertoire of methods broadened to semi-automated Horizon Scanning, virtual creative and scenario workshops and more participation. After the reunification, Foresight gained ground in Germany, like in the EU, is organized in networks and is on its way towards a scientific discipline. The contribution follows a "historical approach" based partly on literature analysis and partly on personal experience and observations.