Fraunhofer-Institut für System- und Innovationsforschung ISI

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Now showing 1 - 10 of 17
  • Publication
    Setting course for demand response in the service sector
    ( 2019)
    Wohlfarth, Katharina
    ;
    Klobasa, Marian orcid-logo
    ;
    Eßer, Anke
    The increasing share of renewable energies in electricity generation is within the scope of the energy transition and will lead to a more volatile generation of electricity. A more flexible energy demand could contribute to handling the resulting challenges in electricity grid management. The service sector is one of the target groups for utilizing flexible demand, also called demand response (DR). Supermarkets, hotels, and office buildings can be found in regions throughout Germany. This could be an advantage regarding the compensation of grid instability in any region, compared to more locally focused industrial enterprises. First estimations point out considerable unused DR potentials for the service sector. However, currently, there is less knowledge about flexibility options in the service sector than in industry. Moreover, market barriers, such as a missing adequate regulatory framework offering attractive incentives prevent that the potentials are tapped. Therefore, in this paper, we first analyze survey data from 1.000 enterprises of the service sector in Germany to identify subsectors that have a high share of flexible cross-sectoral technologies in electricity consumption. Data indicates that the subsectors trade, restaurants, and hotels as well as office-like buildings are the most promising subsectors of the service sector regarding demand response potential, since they have a high stock in flexible cooling appliances, air conditioning, and ventilation. In a second step, we conducted stakeholder interviews, to find specific barriers, drivers, and possible starting points in each of the identified subsectors. Still unapt or missing regulatory framework conditions, low profitability, and a lack of knowledge regarding flexibility potentials and marketing mechanisms seem to be the main barriers. However, framework conditions promoting demand response measures are improving, e.g., technical standards and latest regulatory revisions. This indicates that in order to tap the existing demand response potentials in the service sector, the value of flexibility in demand needs to be appreciated, e.g., by facilitating market participation or by creating offers resp. rewarding the enterprises' flexibility of demand. In addition, addressing demand response issues in already existing policy measures, such as energy audits could raise awareness and knowledge.
  • Publication
    Übersicht Energieszenarien
    (Fraunhofer ISI, 2014)
    Klobasa, Marian orcid-logo
    ;
    Sensfuss, Frank
    ;
    Oehler, Philipp
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    Kreifels, Niklas
    ;
    Killinger, Sven
  • Publication
    Effects of feedback on residential electricity demand - findings from a field trial in Austria
    ( 2013)
    Schleich, Joachim orcid-logo
    ;
    Klobasa, Marian orcid-logo
    ;
    Gölz, Sebastian
    ;
    Brunner, Marc
    This paper analyzes the effects of providing feedback on electricity consumption in a field trial involving more than 1500 households in Linz, Austria. About half of these households received feedback together with information about electricity-saving measures (pilot group), while the remaining households served as a control group. Participation in the pilot group was random, but households were able to choose between two types of feedback: access to a web portal or written feedback by post. Results from cross section OLS regression suggest that feedback provided to the pilot group corresponds with electricity savings of around 4.5% for the average household. Our results from quantile regressions imply that for households in the 30th to the 70th percentile of electricity consumption, feedback on electricity consumption is statistically significant and effects are highest in absolute terms and as a share of electricity consumption. For percentiles below or above this ran ge, feedback appears to have no effect. Finally, controlling for a potential endogeneity bias induced by non random participation in the feedback type groups, we find no difference in the effects of feedback provided via the web portal and by post.
  • Publication
    Does smart metering reduce residential electricity demand?
    ( 2012)
    Schleich, Joachim orcid-logo
    ;
    Klobasa, Marian orcid-logo
    ;
    Gölz, Sebastian
    This paper analyzes the effects of providing feedback on electricity consumption in a field trial with more than 1500 households in Linz, Austria. Participation in the pilot group was random, but households could choose between two feedback types: access to a web portal or written feedback by post. Results from cross section OLS regression suggest that feedback provided to the pilot group results in electricity savings of around 4.5 % for the average household. Results from quantile regressions imply that for households in the 30th to the 70th percentile, feedback on electricity consumption is statistically significant and effects are highest in absolute terms and as a share of electricity consumption. For percentiles below or above this range, feedback appears to have no effect. Finally, controlling for a potential endogeneity bias induced by non random participation in the feedback type groups, we find no difference in the effects of feedback provided via the web port al and by post.
  • Publication
    Rationelle Energieverwendung
    ( 2012)
    Plötz, Patrick orcid-logo
    ;
    Schlomann, Barbara
    ;
    Rohde, Clemens orcid-logo
    ;
    Arens, Marlene
    ;
    Fleiter, Tobias
    ;
    Hirzel, Simon orcid-logo
    ;
    Jochem, Eberhard
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    Klobasa, Marian orcid-logo
    ;
    Marscheider-Weidemann, Frank orcid-logo
    ;
    Reichardt, Kristin
    ;
    Mai, Michael
    ;
    Toro, Felipe
    Die dramatischen Ereignisse in Fukushima im März 2011 haben auf die deutsche Energiepolitik und Energiewirtschaft deutlichen Einfluss gehabt. Der beschleunigte Ausstieg aus der Kernenergie geht mit einer Betonung der Energieeffizienz als weithin akzeptiertes und häufig kostengünstiges Mittel zur Erreichung der deutschen und europäischen Energie- und Klimaschutzziele einher. Im vorliegenden Beitrag wird auf die Entwicklungen des zurückliegenden Jahres 2011 sowie längerfristige Trends zur rationellen Energieverwendung eingegangen. Dabei werden die allgemeinen Veränderungen im Bereich Energieproduktivität und Energie- und Klimapolitik sowie die Entwicklungen in den Bereichen Industrie, Transport sowie Gewerbe, Handel und Dienstleistungen erörtert.
  • Publication
    Rationelle Energieverwendung
    ( 2011)
    Boie, I.
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    Boßmann, T.
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    Rohde, C. orcid-logo
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    Arens, M.
    ;
    Eichhammer, W. orcid-logo
    ;
    Fleiter, T.
    ;
    Jochem, E.
    ;
    Klobasa, M. orcid-logo
    ;
    Marscheider-Weidenann, F. orcid-logo
    ;
    Reichardt, K.
    ;
    Idrissova, F.
    ;
    Mai, M.
    ;
    Reitze, F.
    ;
    Toro, F.
    Der Primärenergieverbrauch ist in Deutschland im Jahr 2010 in Folge der konjunkturellen Erholung der deutschen Wirtschaft und der unterdurchschnittlich niedrigen Temperaturen zu Jahresbeginn und Jahresende um 4,6 % angestiegen. Der temperaturbereinigte Anstieg beläuft sich jedoch auf lediglich 1,6 %. Verglichen mit einem Anstieg des Bruttoinlandsprodukts von 3,6 % lässt sich daraus eine Verbesserung der Energieproduktivität, berechnet als Quotient aus Primärenergieverbrauch und Bruttoinlandsprodukt, um 2 % ableiten.
  • Publication
    Rational energy consumption
    ( 2010)
    Reichardt, K.
    ;
    Singer, N.
    ;
    Steinbach, J.
    ;
    Arens, M.
    ;
    Bradke, H.
    ;
    Eichhammer, W. orcid-logo
    ;
    Fleiter, T.
    ;
    Jochem, E.
    ;
    Klobasa, M. orcid-logo
    ;
    Marscheider-Weidemann, F. orcid-logo
    ;
    Schleich, J. orcid-logo
    ;
    Idrissova, F.
    ;
    Mai, M.
    ;
    Reitze, F.
    ;
    Roser, A.
    ;
    Toro, F.
  • Publication
    Analysis of demand response and wind integration in Germany's electricity market
    ( 2010)
    Klobasa, M. orcid-logo
    Demand response represents an additional option for reserve capacity as first market experiences have demonstrated. An analysis for Germany shows capacities up to 3 GW and costs starting at 30 euro/MWh in the industrial sector, 8 GW in the commercial sector and more than 20 GW in the residential sector including night storage heating. Simulations of the German power system showed that using these potentials together with improved wind power predictions can limit the additional balancing costs in Germany to below 2 euro/MWh feed-in by wind turbines with 48 GW wind power in 2020.
  • Publication
    Rationelle Energieverwendung. Eine Literaturanalyse des Jahres 2009
    ( 2010)
    Reichardt, Kristin
    ;
    Singer, Norman
    ;
    Steinbach, Jan
    ;
    Arens, Marlene
    ;
    Bradke, Harald
    ;
    Eichhammer, Wolfgang orcid-logo
    ;
    Fleiter, Tobias
    ;
    Jochem, Eberhard
    ;
    Klobasa, Marian orcid-logo
    ;
    Marscheider-Weidemann, Frank orcid-logo
    ;
    Idrissova, Farikha
    ;
    Mai, Michael
    ;
    Reitze, Felix
    ;
    Roser, Anette
    ;
    Toro, Felipe
    Der Primärenergieverbrauch ist im Jahr 2009 stark gegenüber dem Vorjahr gesunken. Grund für den Rückgang ist hauptsächlich die globale Finanz- und Wirtschaftskrise, in deren Folge die Nachfrage in energieintensiven Industriezweigen stark zurückgegangen ist. Der wirtschaftliche Einbruch wird auch am Bruttoinlandsprodukt deutlich, das real um 5 % gesunken ist. Bei Berücksichtigung des Quotienten aus Primärenergieverbrauch und Bruttoinlandsprodukt als Indikator für Energieeffizienz ergibt sich für 2009 eine um 1,7 % bessere Energieproduktivität als im Vorjahr. Diese ist allerdings nur teilweise auf eine weiter verbesserte Energieeffizienz zurückzuführen, da sie stark vom Rückgang des relativ hohen Energiebedarfs energieintensiver Industriezweige beeinflusst wurde.