Fraunhofer-Institut für System- und Innovationsforschung ISI

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  • Publication
    Promoting energy conservation in small and medium-sized companies
    ( 1991)
    Brand, M.
    ;
    Gruber, E.
    To avoid the risk of global warming, energy conservation becomes more and more important. In small and medium-sized firms there are still many obstacles to using all profitable energy-saving investments and organizational measures. In a recent study, detailed technical analyses in eight branches as well as indepth interviews and a broad telephone survey with firms were carried out. As a conclusion, a bundle of activities is suggested to overcome the obstacles. Above all, motivation of company managers, improved energy consultation, use of the multiplicator function of the association and a stronger engagement of the state and the utilities are needed.
  • Publication
    Rationelle Energienutzung in mittelständischen Betrieben
    ( 1991)
    Brand, M.
    ;
    Gruber, E.
    To avoid the risk of global warming, energy conservation becomes more and more important. In small and medium-sized firms there are still many obstacles to using all profitable energy-saving investments and organizational measures. In a recent study, detailed technical analyses in eight branches as well as indepth interviews and a broad telephone survey with firms were carried out. As a conclusion, a bundle of activities is suggested to overcome the obstacles. Above all, motivation of company managers, improved energy consultation, use of the multiplicator function of the association and a stronger engagement of the state and the utilities are needed.
  • Publication
    The contribution of solar architecture to energy saving and quality of living
    ( 1990)
    Gruber, E.
    ;
    Reichert, J.
    A demonstration project with 22 solar houses funded by the German Ministry of Research and Technology was carried out in order to study the contribution of solar energy use to the room heating under the climate conditions of the Federal Republic of Germany. Measurements of energy flows over three years and interivews with the inhabitants have shown that an excellent heat insulation is the most effective measure. Solar components such as large south-faced glazings can contribute a small part to the energy savings if they are adequately designed and used. The most important benefit of solar houses is that they cause a high quality of living. Heating behaviour and ventilation has a large influence on energy consumption. The handling of solar houses must not be very difficult. With the help of "intelligent" heating and controlling systems many functions can be performed automatically.
  • Publication
    Solararchitektur als Beitrag zur Energieeinsparung und Wohnqualität
    ( 1990)
    Gruber, E.
    ;
    Reichert, J.
    In the 70ies when energy prices were increasing rapidly, there was a search for new solutions for low energy houses and use of renewable energy sources. Two different possibilities have been discussed: a high insulation standard with small windows on the one hand and "solar houses" with large south-faced glazings for passive solar energy gains on the other. The Landstuhl project investigated the contribution of active and passive solar energy use to energy conservation in one-family houses under the climate conditions of the Federal Republic of Germany. For the first time, therefore, lived-in solar houses were measured with respect to their energy consumption over several years. The findings show that an excellent insulation of walls and windows could contribute more to energy saving than solar architecture. Passive solar components cause a good indoor climate and a high living quality. In addition, the living behaviour influences the energy consumption strongly, above all indoor tempe ratures and ventilation habits.