Fraunhofer-Institut für Angewandte Informationstechnik FIT

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  • Publication
    Template‐based generation of programming language specific code for smart grid modelling compliant with CIM and CGMES
    ( 2023)
    Dinkelbach, Jan
    ;
    Razik, Lukas
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    Mirz, Markus
    ;
    Benigni, Andrea
    ;
    Monti, Antonello
    The transition to Smart Grids increases the complexity of power grids by involving many more interdependent actors and integrating additional information and communications technology. To provide a common basis for Smart Grid data representation and exchange, the standardized Common Information Model (CIM) has been introduced and extended, i. a., by the Common Grid Model Exchange Specification (CGMES). An increasing acceptance by power grid operators and other actors has made CIM and CGMES more and more relevant. However, the implementation of CIM / CGMES support in software projects appears to be challenging due to the complexity of CIM / CGMES and the ongoing standardisation process with iterative adaptations. Thus, the main contribution of this paper is the presentation of a methodology for an automated generation of programming language specific code from CIM / CGMES specifications. The approach is based on the use of a template language and enables to keep software projects fully compliant with CIM / CGMES specifications. The paper outlines the process of code generation and the consecutive codebase integration for a JavaScript based CIM / CGMES web editor and for two CIM / CGMES de-/serialiser libraries in C++ and Python. The approach is evaluated in use cases involving the visualisation and simulation of a benchmark grid.
  • Publication
    SASP: a Semantic web-based Approach for management of Sharable cybersecurity Playbooks
    ( 2022-08)
    Akbari Gurabi, Mehdi orcid-logo
    ;
    Mandal, Avikarsha
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    Popanda, Jan
    ;
    Rapp, Robert
    ;
    Decker, Stefan
    In incident management, response and recovery actions are designed to effectively mitigate ongoing or future cyberattacks. A security playbook consists of a pipeline of instructions to document necessary response and recovery actions to deal with a specific type of incident. Since many organisations lack the resources, expertise and know-how to handle incidents, sharing playbooks across organisations could significantly improve their response capabilities against cyberattacks. However, playbooks are often organisation specific and usually not machine-readable, sharable and interoperable. In this work, we propose a semantic web-based approach to capture the knowledge of incident response and recovery steps to support sharing of playbooks based on a standardised and common vocabulary. To further demonstrate our approach, we introduce SASP, a proof-of-concept tool based on Semantic MediaWiki for playbook management. In this paper, we describe the key requirements from incident handlers to share playbooks, SASP architecture design, and its core components and functionalities. We then discuss the results of our user-centric evaluation conducted on members of different Security Operation Centres and the further potential of the solution.
  • Publication
    Automated Decision Making Systems in Smart Homes: A Study on User Engagement and Design
    ( 2022)
    Jin, Lu
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    Boden, Alexander
    ;
    Shajalal, Md
    Automated decision making (ADM) systems are in the center of smart home technologies. With the recent advancements within the fields of artificial intelligence (AI) and internet of things (IoT), ADM systems are becoming increasingly smart and arguably more comfortable and accurate in their automated decision making. However, there are still questions regarding the design of human-machine collaboration in the home. How exactly do users engage with smart technologies in their homes? How do they maintain control over their systems when something does not work as expected, and how can we design for co-performance between users and AI? Our research investigates such questions in the area of user engagement in automated decision making (ADM) systems in smart homes. In this paper, we outline first findings and perspectives from an ongoing literature study on this topic, which we intend to investigate further in our future work.
  • Publication
    Comparative Assessment of Shifted Frequency Modeling in Transient Stability Analysis using the Open Source Simulator DPsim
    ( 2022)
    Nakti, Ghassen
    ;
    Dinkelbach, Jan
    ;
    Mirz, Markus
    ;
    Monti, Antonello
    Modern power systems introduce new dynamics, which may require the appropriate selection of the modeling method for each type of dynamic simulation. In this paper, electromagnetic transient (EMT), Root Mean Square (RMS), and Shifted Frequency Analysis (SFA) modeling are compared in the scope of the dynamic simulation of transient stability analysis. The comparison is carried out by analyzing the accuracy of the simulation results as a function of the simulation step size. The evaluation is conducted for classic and low inertia systems for the accuracy of rotor angle transients and the critical clearing time, being the variables of interest in transient stability analysis. The real-time open source simulator DPsim is employed. The main advantage presented by DPsim, is the possibility to run the same simulation scenario with the same solver, but in three different modeling domains. This powerful feature enables a systematic comparison between the modeling methods. With respect to transient stability analysis, the results of the comparative analysis support the usage of SFA, both for classic and low inertia systems. SFA incorporate more dynamics than RMS simulation into the models, while at the same time allowing larger step sizes than EMT simulation.