Fraunhofer-Institut für Angewandte Informationstechnik FIT

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  • Publication
    Grounded design: A research paradigm in practice-based computing
    ( 2018)
    Stevens, G.
    ;
    Rohde, M.
    ;
    Korn, M.
    ;
    Wulf, V.
  • Publication
    Introduction: Socio-informatics-practice makes perfect?
    ( 2018)
    Randall, D.
    ;
    Rohde, M.
    ;
    Schmidt, K.
    ;
    Wulf, V.
  • Publication
    Preface
    ( 2018)
    Wulf, V.
    ;
    Pipek, V.
    ;
    Randall, D.
    ;
    Rohde, M.
    ;
    Schmidt, K.
    ;
    Stevens, G.
  • Publication
    Grounded Design
    ( 2017)
    Rohde, M.
    ;
    Brödner, P.
    ;
    Stevens, G.
    ;
    Betz, M.
    ;
    Wulf, V.
    In this paper, we propose Grounded Design - a particular design research (DR) approach rooted in a practice-theoretical tradition. It assesses the quality of information technology (IT) design through evaluation of emerging changes in social practices, which result from the appropriation and use of IT artifacts. The paper starts with a systematic analysis of the reasons for persistent limitations of traditional information systems DR, specifically in coping with problems of contingency and self-referentiality. Following this critique, the principles of Grounded Design are presented. Grounded Design is applied in case studies where we reconstruct the social practices observed before and during the design and appropriation of innovative IT artifacts. We call these context-specific research endeavors 'design case studies.' In conducting these case studies, Grounded Design builds upon well-established research methods such as ethnographical field studies, participatory design and action research. To support the transferability of its situated findings, Grounded Design suggests documenting increasing numbers of design case studies to create an extended, comparative knowledge base. Comparing cases allows for the emergence of bottom-up concepts dealing with the design and appropriation of innovative IT artifacts in social practice.
  • Publication
    Practice-Based Computing: Empirically Grounded Conceptualizations Derived from Design Case Studies
    ( 2015)
    Wulf, V.
    ;
    Müller, C.
    ;
    Pipek, V.
    ;
    Randall, D.
    ;
    Rohde, M.
    ;
    Stevens, G.
    The introduction of IT has changed the way we live in many ways. Historically, it can even be argued that socially embedded applications of information technology challenge and change practices to an extent rarely seen before with any other type of technological artifacts. If these IT artifacts have strong and recurrent impacts on people's lives, we need to reconsider design practice artifacts which allow for anticipating use practices and bring together inspirational creativity with evaluative methods.
  • Publication
    "On the ground" in Sidi Bouzid. Investigating social media use during the Tunisian revolution
    ( 2013)
    Wulf, V.
    ;
    Misaki, K.
    ;
    Atam, M.
    ;
    Randall, D.
    ;
    Rohde, M.
    We present a study conducted in Sidi Bouzid, the Tunisian town where the Arab Revolution, also known as 'Arab Spring', started, and where the role of Web 2.0 and social media applications in the people's uprising have been much discussed. We identify four relevant phenomena: (1) the publication of classified materials via WikiLeaks challenged the regime's legitimacy, (2) Web 2.0 connected local activists with Arab satellite TV, (3) social media linked the young activists with actors in other cities in Tunisia, (4) social media allowed organizing resistance inside Sidi Bouzid. Methodologically, we question a too deterministic view of the role of the new media and the representativeness of investigative techniques that uniquely use the new media in order to assess their impact. At the same time, rigorous investigations 'on the ground' are extremely difficult. We present a modest and initial attempt to provide such an 'on the ground' approach, cognizant of necessary limitations. We compare our findings with studies which analyze data downloaded out of social media applications and suggest that studies of the kind we describe offer additional insight and play an essential role in better understanding political uses of social media.
  • Publication
    CSCL@Networking - regional learning in software industries
    ( 2013)
    Rohde, M.
    ;
    Wulf, V.
    This chapter presents a longitudinal empirical study of regional learning among software companies facilitated by a university in an action research manner. Grounded in the concept of social capital and sociocultural theories of learning, different measures in support of regional learning were conducted over several years. This chapter describes the action research approach taken which includes the following: (1) initializing informal talks and meeting to learn about the region and to build up social capital, (2) a series of networking events involving academics, local authorities, and regional software companies, (3) the didactical concept of courses in practice (CiP), and (4) an EU funded networking project with software and media companies. The achievements and obstacles of this approach are discussed with respect to the specific historical situation for collaborative learning in regional networks. Adding to a CSCL@Work research agenda, the chapter argues for a better exploration of regional learning across organizational boundaries.
  • Publication
    Fighting against the wall. Social media use by political activists in a Palestinian village
    ( 2013)
    Wulf, V.
    ;
    Aal, K.
    ;
    Abu-Kteish, I.
    ;
    Atam, M.
    ;
    Schubert, K.
    ;
    Yarousis, G.P.
    ;
    Randall, D.
    ;
    Rohde, M.
    We analyze practices of political activists in a Palestinian village located in the West Bank. Activists organize weekly demonstrations against Israel's settlement policy and the separation wall. Over a period of 28 months, we conducted a field study consisting of eight days 'on the ground' observation and interviewing, and extensive monitoring of Internet communication. We describe the activists' background and their efforts to organize these demonstrations under conditions of military occupation. Over time, we observe the role both digital and material factors play in the organization of protest. Specifically, we analyze how Email and Facebook were appropriated to facilitate interaction 'on the ground'.
  • Publication
    Sozio-Informatik
    ( 2011)
    Rohde, M.
    ;
    Wulf, V.