Fraunhofer-Institut für Optronik, Systemtechnik und Bildauswertung IOSB

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Energetische Sanierung von Mehrfamilienhäusern mit PVT-Hybridsystem und Messdienst-basiertem Energiemanagement

2021 , Leibfried, Ulrich , Bernard, Thomas , Stürtz, Simon

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SET-260: A Measurement Campaign for EO/IR Signatures of UAVs

2021 , Borghgraef, A. , Châteauneuf, M. , Gagné, G. , Hansen, S. , Christnacher, F. , Prioul, J.-C. , Hespel, L. , Hebel, Marcus , Rodrigez Artolazabal, J.A. , Benoist, K. , Hollander, R. den

NATO Research Task Group SET-260 aimed at bringing together experts in EO/IR detection among the NATO community to share detection knowledge and signature data of mini and micro UAVs in an urban environment. Within the program of work of SET-260, a NATO joint trial was organized to collect UAV EO/IR signatures of UAVs in different bands with an urban background. The trial took place in CENZUB, the French armed forces training center for urban combat, in June 2019. In this paper, we present details of this trial and discuss the challenges, pros and cons of detecting UAVs in the different EO/IR bands.

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W-NET 4.0. Webbasierte Plattform zur Betriebsoptimierung von Wassersystemen. Modulare Plattform mit GIS, Simulations- und Datenanalyse-Werkzeugen basierend auf Industrie 4.0-Technologien

2020 , Bernard, Thomas , Teuber, Katharina

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Investigation on Combining 3D Convolution of Image Data and Optical Flow to Generate Temporal Action Proposals

2019 , Schlosser, Patrick , Münch, David , Arens, Michael

In this paper, several variants of two-stream architectures for temporal action proposal generation in long, untrimmed videos are presented. Inspired by the recent advances in the field of human action recognition utilizing 3D convolutions in combination with two-stream networks and based on the Single-Stream Temporal Action Proposals (SST) architecture [3], four different two-stream architectures utilizing sequences of images on one stream and sequences of images of optical flow on the other stream are subsequently investigated. The four architectures fuse the two separate streams at different depths in the model; for each of them, a broad range of parameters is investigated systematically as well as an optimal parametrization is empirically determined. The experiments on the THUMOS' 14 [11] dataset - containing untrimmed videos of 20 different sporting activities for temporal action proposals - show that all four two-stream architectures are able to outperform the original single-stream SST and achieve state of the art results. Additional experiments revealed that the improvements are not restricted to one method of calculating optical flow by exchanging the method of Brox [1] with FlowNet2 [10] and still achieving improvements.

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Security in Industrial Environments

2021 , Borcherding, Anne

Industrial Control Systems (ICS) are used to control and monitor industrial environments such as production or chemical processes. Due to their elementary role in critical infrastructure, ICS pose an interesting target for attacker. This is why it is necessary to secure ICS, to close vulnerabilities, and to make them more robust against attacks. In this talk, we will dive into the art of industrial ethical hacking, vulnerability scanning, and fuzzing. This will come along with an overview of the state-of-the-art in the field of industrial security. In addition, this talk will give information on different recent attacks and vulnerabilities such as TRITON and Ripple20.

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Smart City Technologies for Cultural Heritage Protection

2020 , Moßgraber, Jürgen , Hellmund, Tobias , Hertweck, Philipp , Schaaf, Hylke van der

Climate change (CC) will morph the environmental landscape, thus leading to climate stress imposed on Cultural Heritage (CH). Especially, tangible CH, like castles, palaces, monuments and churches as well as gardens are exposed to CH effects. Such effects are heat waves, flooding, higher sea level, just to name a few. The management and preservation of such CH buildings and whole sites, particularly in the context of CC, is a complex task in which authorities and decision makers need to aggregate and oversee information from diverse sources and domains. Yet, only by considering all relevant and available information, stakeholders can make well-grounded decisions. This imposes a complex task upon the authorities, not only due to the diversity and heterogeneity, but also to the quantity of available data. Only if the current and future situation of the CH in focus is understood, strategies for protecting them can be developed. The first challenge is to apply different kind of sensors to the buildings and gardens to collect data about the weather (temperature, precipitation, etc.), the situation of walls incl. cracks and the state of plants. After that, this data needs to be managed and made accessible in homogeneous way for further processing and analysis. The domain of smart city research faces the exact same problems. Sensors are applied all over the city for example about traffic, infrastructure, air and water quality and weather data. In contrast to CH the community is much larger and the industry is involved as well. Therefore, it is beneficial to look into technologies developed for smart cities and analyze how they can be applied to the monitoring of CH sites. For retrieving, managing and processing sensor data there are open standards evolving, for example the SensorThings API standard by the Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC). Currently, many tools evolve around such standards from which some are available as open source. First results of successfully applying these technologies from different CH and smart city projects will be presented.

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A Short Note on Analyzing Sequence Complexity in Trajectory Prediction Benchmarks

2020 , Hug, Ronny , Becker, Stefan , Hübner, Wolfgang , Arens, Michael

The analysis and quantification of sequence complexity is an open problem frequently encountered when defining trajectory prediction benchmarks. In order to enable a more informative assembly of a data basis, an approach for determining a dataset representation in terms of a small set of distinguishable prototypical sub-sequences is proposed. The approach employs a sequence alignment followed by a learning vector quantization (LVQ) stage. A first proof of concept on synthetically generated and real-world datasets shows the viability of the approach.

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Coherent Free-Space Optical Communications over an 800 m Urban Path

2021 , McDonald, Douglas , Bellossi, Raphaël , Gladysz, Szymon , Lambert, Andrew

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Emerging Perspectives on Medical Decision Support: Co-Designing XAI

2020 , Mucha, Henrik , Robert, Sebastian

Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML) promise to significantly enhance the capabilities of decision support systems in medicine. Yet, if these systems fail to providean understandable rationale of the decision making process the adoption of this powerful technology will be difficult. Hence, there is growing interest in Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI). Explanations that speak the language of the user are a cornerstone for Fair AI. In this position paper, we reflect on research about XAI and designing decision support in medicine. From there, we lay out an approach to use co-design methodology to explore how users perceive and interact with explanations of decision support systems.

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The ERNST mission: MWIR imaging and advanced technology demonstration in a 12 U nanosatellite

2019 , Horch, Clemens , Schimmerohn, Martin , Bierdel, Marius , Busch, Stephan , Gulde, Max , Höffgen, Stefan , Komrowski, Christoph , Metzger, Stefan , Kündgen, Tobias , Ruge, Sven , Schäfer, Konstantin , Steffens, Michael , Schweitzer, Caroline , Sholes, Darren , Vincke, Jonah , Watson, Erkai , Schäfer, Frank

The ERNST (Experimental Spacecraft based on Nanosatellite Technology) mission is both a mid-wavelength infrared imaging satellite as well as a technology demonstrator. The 12 U nanosatellite is based on off-the-shelf CubeSat components where appropriate parts are available. All other subsystems and especially the main payloads are designed and built by Fraunhofer. The overall mission goal is to evaluate the utility of a large nanosatellite mission for scientific and military purposes. ERNST's primary payload is a high-resolution mid-wavelength-infrared camera that is actively cooled by a Stirling cryo-cooler. This payload generates very demanding requirements for the satellite bus and exceeds the capabilities that are normally associated with CubeSats. This payload also demonstrates on-board data-processing using state-of-the-art FPGA technology and comprises a filter pendulum mechanism for switching between several spectral bands. The payload data is transmitted to the ground segment in X-Band. All components of this payload are mounted on an optical bench which has been designed using numerical topology optimization methods and is 3D-printed from an aluminum alloy. Integrated into this optical bench is a 3D-structured radiator that dissipates the heat generated by the cryo-cooler. The second payload is a radiation sensor by Fraunhofer INT that characterizes the radiation environment in ERNST's orbit by measuring electrons and protons from the radiation belts and from solar storms. The radiation sensing is based solely on counting the number of changed bits in memory devices behind different shielding thicknesses to distinguish between different types of particles and energies. Furthermore, ERNST hosts an optical camera payload in the visual spectrum. The ERNST 12U platform provides flexible payload capabilities with high-data rate processing and download, as well as 60 W beginning-of-life power provided by two deployable solar arrays. The most complex mechanism on board is a drag-sail subsystem to de-orbit the ERNST nanosatellite after its mission end for ensuring the sustainability of space applications.

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