Fraunhofer-Institut für Produktionsanlagen und Konstruktionstechnik IPK

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Laser Welding of SLM-Manufactured Tubes Made of IN625 and IN718

2019 , Jokisch, Torsten , Marko, Angelina , Gook, Sergej , Üstündag, Ömer , Gumenyuk, Andrey , Rethmeier, Michael

The advantage of selective laser melting (SLM) is its high accuracy and geometrical flexibility. Because the maximum size of the components is limited by the process chamber, possibilities must be found to combine several parts manufactured by SLM. An application where this is necessary, is, for example, the components of gas turbines, such as burners or oil return pipes, and inserts, which can be joined by circumferential welds. However, only a few investigations to date have been carried out for the welding of components produced by SLM. The object of this paper is, therefore, to investigate the feasibility of laser beam welding for joining SLM tube connections made of nickel-based alloys. For this purpose, SLM-manufactured Inconel 625 and Inconel 718 tubes were welded with a Yb:YAG disk laser and subsequently examined for residual stresses and defects. The results showed that the welds had no significant influence on the residual stresses. A good weld quality could be achieved in the seam circumference. However, pores and pore nests were found in the final overlap area, which meant that no continuous good welding quality could be accomplished. Pore formation was presumably caused by capillary instabilities when the laser power was ramped out.

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Affordance Based Approach to Automatic Program Generation for Industrial Robots in Manufacturing

2018 , Heimann, Oliver , Krüger, Jörg

Due to the increasing demand for flexible and low-cost production, manufacturing solutions involving human robot interaction have become much sought-after. Robotic manufacturers meet the demand with a rising number of low cost robots specifically designed around safety and usability. However, the programming is still based on a tool centric teach-in. This paper discusses an affordance based approach for process programming in industrial manufacturing. Using low level feature detection and a consecutive evaluation, a fast programming method for industrial applications is presented. The paper presents the concept and a prototypic implementation for a welding process. Using the affordance detection, the system is able to identify relevant seams based on an image of the work space. The identified seams are then presented to the user for review with the means of augmented reality. Lastly, the system derives a welding program based on the detected seams. First experiments show promising results concerning programming speed and path accuracy for different work piece shapes and task definitions. Finally, based on the experience gained with the prototype, the outlook discusses the possibilities and further fields for future work.

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