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PublicationLeveraging circular economy through a methodology for smart service systems engineering( 2019)Product Service Systems (PSS) and Smart Services are powerful means for deploying Circular Economy (CE) goals in industrial practices, through dematerialization, extension of product lifetime and efficiency increase by digitization. Within this article, approaches from PSS design, Smart Service design and Model-based Systems Engineering (MBSE) are combined to form a Methodology for Smart Service Architecture Definition (MESSIAH). First, analyses of present system modelling procedures and systems modelling notations in terms of their suitability for Smart Service development are presented. The results indicate that current notations and tools do not entirely fit the requirements of Smart Service development, but that they can be adapted in order to do so. The developed methodology includes a modelling language system, the MESSIAH Blueprinting framework, a systematic procedure and MESSIAH CE, which is specifically designed for addressing CE strategies and practices. The methodology was validated on the example of a Smart Sustainable Street Light System for Cycling Security (SHEILA). MESSIAH proved useful to help Smart Service design teams develop service-driven and robust Smart Services. By applying MESSIAH CE, a sustainable Smart Service, which addresses CE goals, has been developed.
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PublicationUtilization of product lifecycle data from PLM systems in platforms for Industrial Symbiosis( 2017)Industrial Symbiosis represents a promising approach to foster the transformation towards a circular economy. To involve businesses in Industrial Symbiosis, online platforms and input-output matching tools for facilitating the exchange of by-products have been provided by industry organizations and facilitators. Regarding the discrete parts and product manufacturing industry (DPPM), little success is being reported for such platforms and tools. Within the scope of this research, a list of Input-Output matching tools was analysed regarding data sources which are currently used for input-output Matching. Specifications of by-products in the DPPM industry were reviewed in order to identify a list of requirements for data sources. Shortcomings of the currently existing input-output matching tools were identified and suggestions for additional data sources used for input-output matching in IS in DPPM were given. Results show that datasets currently used do not include organisational data sources such as Product Data Management (PDM) systems, Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) systems, Supply Chain Management (SCM) systems, and or Manufacturing Execution Systems (MES).
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PublicationIndustrie 4.0 - Digital Redesign of Product Creation and Production in Berlin as an Industrial Location( 2017)At the end of 2015, approximately 449 research and implementation projects in Germany were dedicated to the topic of Industrie 4.0. The great challenges, on the one hand, are to transform existing partial solutions, new findings and results into comprehensive and standardized application, while, on the other hand, identifying ""white spots"" and diligently continuing to research them. This chapter presents innovative Industrie 4.0 projects for the real and digital factory and product management from the Production Technology Center (PTZ) in Berlin, and offers a research map for the allocation of its own activities. A stage model is used to illustrate how the implementation and operationalization of information management required in the future can be mastered. The future-oriented concept of the information factory serves to demonstrate how, with the aid of the digital twin and smart data, gains in the efficiency and effectivity of product creation and production can be achieved.
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PublicationTarget-oriented modularization - Addressing sustainability design goals in product modularization( 2015)Through modularization, a large range of sustainability goals can be addressed in design, e.g. environmentally friendly end-of-life or improved MRO (maintenance, repair and overhaul) processes. The development of methods for product modularization raised increasing interest in recent years. However, published methods for product modularization still lack of flexibility and standardization. Numerous methods have been developed that are defined for one or a given list of design goals. As a result, it is still difficult for engineers to find and apply the right method for a defined set of design goals. In this paper, the field of modular product design methods has been analyzed with the aim to develop a Target-oriented Modularization Method that allows defining modular product structure according to user-defined design goals. The introduced method is demonstrated on the example of a Garrett GT2860R turbocharger.
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PublicationMulti-criteria decision making as a tool for sustainable product development: Benefits and obstacles( 2015)For developing sustainable products design engineers need to foresee diverse interrelations between a product's characteristics and its economic, social and environmental impacts. In order to support this complex task a wide range of design methods has been developed. Retrospective analytical methods like Life Cycle Sustainability Assessment (LCSA) require a large amount of information and are thus utilized when important design decisions are already made. Prospective methods are rather generic (e.g. checklists) and too broad to be helpful in concrete design decisions. In this paper, the integration of discrete decision trees with LCSA is proposed for shifting multi-criterial quantitative analysis to earlier development. On the basis of sustainability indicators Pareto-optimal decision-paths for given material- and process alternatives along the product lifecycle can be compared up-front. Resulting benefits and obstacles are illustrated by evaluating value creation options of a bicycle frame.
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PublicationDesign and manufacturing of a sustainable pedelec( 2015)To facilitate the transition towards sustainable manufacturing, current practices and mechanisms for value creation need to be reconsidered along the whole product lifecycle. However, academic research on sustainability is still bound to narrow fields of applications. In this study, a multi-disciplinary research project is presented that focuses on the development of a sustainable pedal electric cycle (Pedelec) from a first idea to a ready-to-use prototype. The results of the project show how different scientific approaches for bottom-up improvement can be applied together in a concrete case. A holistic view on the product lifecycle proved as a meaningful framework for that purpose.
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PublicationRessourceneffizientes Produktdesign durch PLM-integrierte Generierung und Auswahl von Produktvarianten( 2015)
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PublicationGraphical visualization of sustainable manufacturing aspects for knowledge transfer to public audience( 2015)Sustainability is characterized by complex interplay between economic, environmental and social aspects and a temporal dimension. The public perception is often mistakenly limited to single aspects due to deliberated influence by marketing or misuse. Reliable scientific articles usually address expert audience only. To create a broad public understanding knowledge has to be available and comprehensible. In the World Wide Web various concepts are applied to represent knowledge each utilizing different sets of media without interactive elements. To get an overall picture of sustainability an understanding of complex relationships is necessary. Non-interactive text based approaches lack the necessary capabilities to present this picture. This paper presents a graphical approach involving a simplified product configurator based on an ontology developed in the CRC1026. It embodies gamification elements to draw people's attention and uses ontological trees to illustrate relationships.
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PublicationWissensbasierte nachhaltige Produktentwicklung - Systematische Auswahl und Kombination von Methoden zur Entscheidungsunterstützung( 2014)Die Entwicklung der Taxonomie stellt einen Grundstein zur Auswahl geeigneter Methoden zur Entstehung nachhaltiger Produkte dar. Hierbei wurde deutlich, dass das Fehlen prozeduraler Informationen die Anwendung zahlreicher Methoden verhindert. Durch die Betrachtung der Kategorien konnten Lücken in der methodischen Unterstützung der Entwicklung nachhaltiger Produkte bezüglich der sozialen und ökonomischen Dimension der Nachhaltigkeit, der Adressierung von Anforderungen und Dienstleistungen, der Eignung für Prozessverbesserungen und der Unterstützung für die Fertigungsplanung sowie den entsprechenden Phasen der Produktentstehung identifiziert werden. Zudem wurde eine Forschungslücke geschlossen, indem auftretende Informationen und Informationsobjekte bei der Anwendung von Methoden zur nachhaltigen Produktentstehung anhand des Referenz-PEP vergleichend identifiziert und analysiert wurden. Durch diese geschaffene Übersicht wird die Möglichkeit eröffnet, die bisher verfügbare methodische Unterstützung der Entstehung nachhaltiger Produkte durchgängig über den PEP informationstechnisch abzubilden und damit dem Anwender ein universelles Hilfsmittel an die Hand zu geben. Die Kombination der Methoden wurde durch deren teilweise fehlende Zuordnung zu abgrenzbaren Phasen des PEPs erschwert. Die Integration von Methoden in bestehende PEPs ohne Anpassungen wurde ebenfalls als potenzielle Schwachstelle identifiziert. Durch ein Protokoll der während der Methodenanwendung abverlangten bzw. generierten Informationen konnte nachgewiesen werden, dass diese stark methodenspezifisch und damit heterogen vorliegen. Zudem erschweren wechselnde Bezugsobjekte und Präzision der In- und Outputs deren potenzielle informationstechnische Verarbeitung. Weiterhin wurde erkannt, dass verschiedene Methodenbündel voneinander abweichende Informationen verarbeiten und damit zu veränderten Entscheidungswegen führen. Generell überwiegen Informationen mit Bezug auf den Lebenszyklus des untersuchten Objektes. Die Übereinstimmungen der abgefragten Informationsobjekte nehmen im Laufe des PEP ab. Dies deutet darauf hin, dass eine parallele Kombination von Methoden in späteren Phasen zu Erkenntnisgewinn durch zusätzliche Perspektiven bei geringerer Doppelarbeit führen kann.
