Fraunhofer-Institut für Produktionsanlagen und Konstruktionstechnik IPK

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Klimamanagement zur Verbesserung der CO2-Bilanz in der Produktion

2023 , Budde, Felix , Gellert, Benjamin , Orth, Ronald , Kohl, Holger

Einzelne Klimaschutzmaßnahmen werden bereits von vielen Unternehmen erfolgreich umgesetzt. Doch oftmals fehlen ein systematischer Ansatz sowie die finanziellen Ressourcen zur Umsetzung eines konsequenten Klimaschutzes unter Beibehaltung des wirtschaftlichen Erfolgs. In diesem Beitrag wird ein Vorgehensmodell zur zielgerichteten und potenzialorientierten Ableitung und Umsetzung von Klimaschutzmaßnahmen im Rahmen eines betrieblichen Klimamanagements vorgestellt. Der Fokus liegt dabei auf kleinen und mittleren Unternehmen des produzierenden Gewerbes.

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Identifying the Dynamics of Intangible Resources for Industry 4.0 Adoption Process

2022 , Prim, Marcelo Fabricio , Oliveira Gomes, Jefferson de , Kohl, Holger , Orth, Ronald , Will, Markus , Vargas, Gabriel Bertholdo

Industry 4.0 is a socioeconomic phenomenon that affects all industries, transforming not only products, processes, and services, but also business models, organizational structures, and strategies, placing human beings at the center of this digital transformation. Researchers have already demonstrated the importance of intangible resources in the Industry 4.0 adoption process. Nevertheless, there is still a gap in empirical research on how these factors evolve during the process. Therefore, the main objective of this study is to identify how these factors influence each other across different Industry 4.0 maturity levels. To achieve this goal, a qualitative approach was used with multiple case studies comparing responses from companies at higher Industry 4.0 maturity levels and contrasting them with the responses from companies at lower levels, distilling aggregate dimensions through an inductive coding procedure. Experts evaluated the results to find relations between the aggregate dimensions, their evolution and influence on each other. As a result, a conceptual framework was developed that demonstrates the dynamics of intangible factors that could be used by any company to nurture its own Intellectual Capital as a groundwork for the adoption of Industry 4.0. Among these dynamics, the central role of engaged leaders was highlighted in developing structural capital factors. Future studies should conduct interviews with more companies from other industrial sectors as well as on the implementation and management of Intellectual Capital in manufacturing companies to assess the applicability of the proposed conceptual framework.

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Design alternatives for internationally distributed learning factories in global production engineering

2020 , Schumacher, Bastian C. , Steinbach, Anja , Vi, Nguyen H. , Yükseltürk, Ahmet , Kohl, Holger , Krüger, Jörg , Quoc, Huy Nguyen

An internationally distributed learning factory (IDLF) provides opportunities to make students aware of intercultural challenges in global production networks. An IDLF is a scalable network of learning factories with value creation processes in spatially distributed locations. It enables collaboration and competition between student groups in distant locations and considers manual and automatic process methods. Due to the high number of design alternatives for IDLFs, a systematic approach for describing attractive characteristics is required. This paper shows design alternatives for IDLFs structural and process organization on the example of learning factories in Germany, Turkey and Vietnam.

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Intuitive Werkzeuge für ein durchgehendes Engineering. Technologieintegrierte Fabrikplanung für KMU

2020 , Glodde, Ilona , Scholz, Hannes , Knothe, Thomas , Kohl, Holger

Für kleine und mittelständische Unternehmen (KMU) ist die Fabrikplanung mit digitalen Werkzeugen und Methoden in der Regel nicht wirtschaftlich, obwohl sie die gleichen Qualitätsanforderungen an die Fabrikplanung stellen wie große Unternehmen. Dieser Beitrag zeigt, wie auf Basis von Unternehmensmodellen die technologieintegrierte Fabrikplanung wirtschaftlich die Planungsqualität steigert, indem sie bereits in der frühen Entwicklungsphase Kernelemente der Planung synchronisiert: Fabrikkonzept, Fertigungsprozesse, Technologien und Digitalisierung.

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Synchronisierte Modularisierung in der Fertigung

2022 , Torka, Jan , Kohl, Holger , Knothe, Thomas , Goppold, Jean-Paul

Modularization has long been considered one of the basic characteristics of adaptable production systems. However, the implementation of modularization of equipment, processes, and shop floor IT is challenging today. This paper presents an integrated methodology for the development of modularized production and the shop floor IT that controls it, using assembly as an example. Starting from the economic goals, the joint development and implementation of the assembly and shop floor IT modules are based on an integrated model.

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Patterns for Resilient Value Creation: Perspective of the German Electrical Industry during the COVID-19 Pandemic

2021 , Neumann, Konstantin , Erp, Tim van , Steinhöfel, Erik , Sieckmann, Felix , Kohl, Holger

The COVID-19 pandemic represents a massive, often unanticipated, external disruption for many companies. As a concept for responding to such disruption, organizational resilience has recently received great attention. In the organizational context, the overriding question is how companies can become more resilient. This study aims to contribute to answering this question by identifying, categorizing, and providing specific business model patterns for achieving resilience on the corporate level. For this purpose, a review of publications by major consulting firms was conducted. Patterns were extracted from publications until a convergence criterion indicated that no new pattern could be identified considering further publications. The 110 extracted unique patterns were clustered into 13 objectives, and additionally categorized according to resilience phases, as well as business model elements, to support the application in practice. The final catalog of patterns was validated through expert interviews and thus provides organizations, such as those in the electrical industry, with an overview and specific approaches on how to tackle industrial resilience through the adaption of their business model.

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Demand-oriented barriers and potentials for remanufacturing in Vietnam

2020 , Guidat, Thomas , Wewer, Aleksandra , Kohl, Holger , Seliger, Günther

Since the liberalisation of its economy, Vietnam has emerged as a key location for investment in workforce-intensive assembly processes operation, through an available and cheap workforce. Soaring national consumption levels for goods and services generate in turn unprecedented quantities of waste to be treated locally. In 2015, governmental decision 16/2015/QÐ-TTg set a basis for a national waste legislation for mechanical and electronic equipment goods. Remanufacturing is a non-destructive, industrial reuse strategy which aims at restoring products to original specifications by reusing a maximum number of original components in their current form. It has potential to provide Vietnam with an alternative to low value-added repair activities. As Vietnam is the fourth market for motorcycles in the world, this paper presents a case study about barriers and potentials for remanufacturing from the market and customer perspective. Potential solutions for supporting industrial development are suggested.

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Biological transformation: Principles to enhance holistic production systems

2022 , Lange, Annika , Knothe, Thomas , Kohl, Holger , Seliger, Guenther

In today's production systems, the digital transformation is fully in progress. But the next evolution step can be seen on the horizon, biological transformation. This means the application of biomimetics principles with the aim of low-effort, resource-saving, reversible and adapted economies. Because of their aim regarding minimization of resource consumption and stability orientation even in turbulent environments, biomimetics principles can contribute to the major challenges of production systems, climate change, environmental protection, as well as the turbulences as generated by globalization and individualization in this paper it is described how biological transformation can contribute to extend and improve holistic production systems. For this purpose, traditional principles of holistic production systems are reflected with the ones coming from digitization and biomimetics.

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Interaktives Lagebild - Ein Werkzeug für das Krisenmanagement in prozessorientierten Unternehmen

2021 , Kohl, Holger , Knothe, Thomas , Oertwig, Nicole , Gering, Patrick , Scholz, Julia-Anne

Viele Unternehmen bringt die Krise um den Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 in existenzielle Nöte. Der plötzliche Ausfall von Zulieferern und Kunden oder eine kurzfristige Änderung von Regularien (z. B. Kurzarbeitsregeln) stellen Betriebe vor Herausforderungen. Hinzu kommen sich laufend ändernde Einflüsse und Informationsquellen. Ein gemeinsames Lagebild bietet Einsatzkräften im Sicherheitsbereich seit langem Orientierung und wird nun auch für Unternehmen relevant. Die Verknüpfung und Visualisierung von externen Informationen aus dem Unternehmensumfeld (z. B. Corona-Fallzahlen in der Region eines Hauptzulieferers) mit den internen Fähigkeiten eines Unternehmens (z. B. Verfügbarkeit der Mitarbeiter) bleibt jedoch ein ungelöstes Problem. Dieser Beitrag zeigt, wie ein Lagebild auch für Unternehmen zu einem zielgerichteten Handeln beitragen kann.

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Characteristics and Skills of Leadership in the Context of Industry 4.0

2020 , Guzmán, Valeria E. , Muschard, Bernd , Gerolamo, Mateus , Kohl, Holger , Rozenfeld, Henrique

Leadership is essential in organizations to successfully promote a culture of innovation. Consequently, leaders assume a crucial role in the paradigm shift towards Industry 4.0. This paper aims to present key leadership characteristics and skills in the context of Industry 4.0. It was based mainly on a literature review about leadership and Industry 4.0. This work results in 10 leadership characteristics found for industry 4.0 and their relationship with 4 leadership skills groups: cognitive skills, interpersonal skills, business skills, and strategic skills. The organizations might consider these skills as requirements for the leaders in the transition process towards Industry 4.0.

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