Fraunhofer-Institut für Produktionsanlagen und Konstruktionstechnik IPK

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Klimamanagement zur Verbesserung der CO2-Bilanz in der Produktion

2023 , Budde, Felix , Gellert, Benjamin , Orth, Ronald , Kohl, Holger

Einzelne Klimaschutzmaßnahmen werden bereits von vielen Unternehmen erfolgreich umgesetzt. Doch oftmals fehlen ein systematischer Ansatz sowie die finanziellen Ressourcen zur Umsetzung eines konsequenten Klimaschutzes unter Beibehaltung des wirtschaftlichen Erfolgs. In diesem Beitrag wird ein Vorgehensmodell zur zielgerichteten und potenzialorientierten Ableitung und Umsetzung von Klimaschutzmaßnahmen im Rahmen eines betrieblichen Klimamanagements vorgestellt. Der Fokus liegt dabei auf kleinen und mittleren Unternehmen des produzierenden Gewerbes.

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Publication

Sustainability Reporting in German Manufacturing SMEs

2019 , Steinhöfel, Erik , Galeitzke, Mila , Kohl, Holger , Orth, Ronald

This paper investigates how small and medium-sized enterprises from the German manufacturing sector address sustainability issues through the implementation of sustainability reporting. For this purpose, 14 sustainability reports were analyzed with regard to the extent that they apply the framework provided by the Global Reporting Initiative (GRI), as well as the differences between companies that apply the GRI framework and companies that do not. In addition, indicators and related units that are used to report sustainability are investigated. The findings of this contribution show that there is a general lack of consistency among the considered sustainability reports, which demands for further harmonization of sustainability reporting in order to ensure comparability of sustainability performance across different organizations.

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Publication

Identifying the Dynamics of Intangible Resources for Industry 4.0 Adoption Process

2022 , Prim, Marcelo Fabricio , Oliveira Gomes, Jefferson de , Kohl, Holger , Orth, Ronald , Will, Markus , Vargas, Gabriel Bertholdo

Industry 4.0 is a socioeconomic phenomenon that affects all industries, transforming not only products, processes, and services, but also business models, organizational structures, and strategies, placing human beings at the center of this digital transformation. Researchers have already demonstrated the importance of intangible resources in the Industry 4.0 adoption process. Nevertheless, there is still a gap in empirical research on how these factors evolve during the process. Therefore, the main objective of this study is to identify how these factors influence each other across different Industry 4.0 maturity levels. To achieve this goal, a qualitative approach was used with multiple case studies comparing responses from companies at higher Industry 4.0 maturity levels and contrasting them with the responses from companies at lower levels, distilling aggregate dimensions through an inductive coding procedure. Experts evaluated the results to find relations between the aggregate dimensions, their evolution and influence on each other. As a result, a conceptual framework was developed that demonstrates the dynamics of intangible factors that could be used by any company to nurture its own Intellectual Capital as a groundwork for the adoption of Industry 4.0. Among these dynamics, the central role of engaged leaders was highlighted in developing structural capital factors. Future studies should conduct interviews with more companies from other industrial sectors as well as on the implementation and management of Intellectual Capital in manufacturing companies to assess the applicability of the proposed conceptual framework.

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Deployment of a business and innovation centre to foster cooperation between Europe and Brazil

2017 , Haunschild, Johanna , Melo, Gustavo , Orth, Ronald , Will, Markus , Kohl, Holger

Research and Development as well as science and technology are key elements for innovation, and more generally are some among many areas that are becoming global. This reduces the influence of individual countries or blocs such as the European Union (EU) on developments both at home and abroad but also generates important benefits through specialization, trade and competition. R&D and science & technology are still strongly focused on the 'Triad' countries overall. However, this pattern is weakening fast, as especially the large emerging economies' role in global science, technology and innovation continues to increase. Following this reasoning, Brazil deserves special attention due its economic strength, accounting for almost 38% of Latin American GDP (IMF, 2013), and its huge entrepreneurship potential (Arruda, 2015). Against this background, the purpose of this paper is to examine in a first step the Innovation Systems of Brazil and Europe, then to show in a second step, how joint activities and programs can address the needs for a fruitful cooperation in international innovation in order to strengthen both Innovation Systems. For the first aspect, the paper provides an examination of Innovation Systems of Brazil and European countries based on library resources, articles, reports and other secondary data. The OECD bibliography will be the guideline to understand the Innovation Systems of the relevant countries. Regarding the second aspect, the EU Horizon 2020 funded project CEBRABIC - Centre for Europe-Brazil Business & Innovation Cooperation - will be elucidated. CEBRABIC aims at enhancing the cooperation in research, technology and entrepreneurship between the EU member states and Latin America's leading economy, Brazil. CEBRABIC will be a Centre working on a network basis: creating synergies and complementarities is the core value; particularly with European research and innovation (R&I) structures located in Brazil.

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Publication

Sustainable Corporate Development: A Resource-Oriented Approach

2020 , Orth, Ronald , Kohl, Holger , Galeitzke, Mila

Sustainable corporate development can be understood as a strategy that respects not only economic goals but also environmental and social aspects, weigh against each other and thus, ensures the long-term business success. The number of enterprises that are oriented towards corporate sustainability has increased in recent years, but the implementation still encounters a variety of limits. The goal of this chapter is the development of an integrated approach to foster sustainable development on the corporate level. In this context, not only tangible resources (e.g. raw material, energy or machines) but in particular intangible resources (e.g. expertise and professional competence of the employees, corporate culture or relations with stakeholders) are considered key success factors for a sustainable corporate development. For its application, the integrated approach provides a set of instruments and procedures, which can be used for the purpose of analysis, planning, controlling and reporting of sustainable corporate development.

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Publication

A practical approach to process-oriented knowledge management

2015 , Kohl, Holger , Orth, Ronald , Steinhöfel, Erik

Due to global competition and increasingly dynamic markets, the importance of intangible resources such as knowledge has been growing dramatically, especially for small and medium-sized enterprises (SME). SMEs have to be more innovative, flexible, and efficient to successfully cope with typical challenges such as growing competition and rapidly changing demand patterns. In the past, knowledge management has been successfully implemented and developed by large enterprises in particular. In contrast, knowledge management for SME is not a matter of course yet. However, current survey results affirm that activities in the area of knowledge management depend less on the size of an enterprise or its industry, but rather on an enterprise's business strategy and core competencies. In the light of these results, SMEs seem not to have disadvantages regarding the implementation of knowledge management because of their size or industry, but rather because they need to take strategic decisions to implement such solutions and have difficulties in doing so. Against this background, the German Federal Ministry of Economics and Technology started the initiative ldquoFit fur den Wissenswettbewerbrdquo to support especially SMEs on the way to the knowledge society. In the course of the initiative, the research institutes Fraunhofer IPK and Fraunhofer IFF initiated the project ldquoProWis - Prozessorientiertes und integriertes Wissensmanagement in KMUrdquo. Within this project, researchers designed methods meeting the specific needs of SMEs allowing the implementation of process-oriented knowledge management at reasonable efforts. Building up on the developed methods, both institutes accompanied 15 SMEs during the implementation of knowledge management and used the findings from these implementations to refine the methods. The results of the project are summarised in the guideline ldquoPraxisleitfaden Wissensmanagementrdquo, which is freely accessible to interested parties and enables SMEs to systematically and autonomously implement knowledge management. Based on the aforementioned results, this article illustrates the processoriented implementation of knowledge management according to the ProWis approach and, by means of a case study, leads the reader through the single steps of the implementation process towards a business process-oriented knowledge management.

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