Fraunhofer-Institut für Produktionsanlagen und Konstruktionstechnik IPK

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  • Publication
    Digital Twins within the Circular Economy: Literature Review and Concept Presentation
    ( 2024-03-26)
    Mügge, Janine
    ;
    Seegrün, Anne
    ;
    Hoyer, Tessa-Katharina
    ;
    Riedelsheimer, Theresa
    ;
    Lindow, Kai
    Digital twins offer a promising approach to sustainable value creation by providing specific life cycle data and enabling the monitoring and implementation of circular economy strategies throughout the product’s life cycle. By analyzing product, component, and material data, as well as process data, it is possible to create transparency throughout a product’s life cycle, build a data-driven product ecosystem, and establish new business and value creation models, from SMEs to large enterprises. This paper identifies application scenarios, their technological readiness level, and the challenges of digital twins for the circular economy in the manufacturing industry based on a systematic literature review. Gaps such as ensuring a continuous flow of information and taking into account the different levels of digitalization of companies are identified. As a main result, a holistic concept for the scoping of a digital twin for the circular economy is presented. One specific use case for end-of-life decision-making is elaborated upon. It is shown that the circular economy can be supported by digital twin data, especially for the optimal decision on end-of-life vehicles.
  • Publication
    Integrated Consideration of Data Flows and Life Cycle Assessment in Vehicle Dismantling processes
    ( 2024)
    Mügge, Janine
    ;
    Seegrün, Anne
    ;
    Faßbender, Lynn
    ;
    Riedelsheimer, Theresa
    ;
    Staufenbiel, Philip
    ;
    Lindow, Kai
    The pursuit of environmental sustainability and resource conservation has underscored the growing significance of the circular economy paradigm across industries. This transformation is particularly pertinent within the automotive industry, necessitating a profound restructuring of the value chain, with a specific focus on end-of-life considerations. Significant potential for circular economy arises from the thorough examination of end-of-life vehicles and processes, involving strategies such as component reuse, material recycling and primary resource reduction. Providing process-, product-, component-, and material-specific information at the end-of-life of automotive vehicles can improve decision-making regarding circular strategies. It also demands for new digital solutions. This paper addresses an integrated approach of data flow analysis and Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) to enable a comprehensive monitoring of the environmental impact of these processes. First, the use case of end-of-life dismantling processes is presented - including pyrotechnics neutralization, vehicle dehydration, disassembly of reuse components as well as vehicle compaction. Secondly, the data demand respective information and material flows is depicted. As a main result, the LCA data flow model specifically tailored to the end-of-life vehicle dismantling processes is described. This model serves as a fundamental basis for analyzing the environmental impact of end-of-life processes combined with the underlying data flow.
  • Publication
    Incorporating sustainability into product lifecycle management: a systematic literature review
    ( 2024)
    Seegrün, Anne
    ;
    Hardinghaus, Louis
    ;
    Riedelsheimer, Theresa
    ;
    Lindow, Kai
    Amidst environmental, regulatory, and societal pressures, integrating sustainability into Product Lifecycle Management (PLM) is key, evolving into Sustainable PLM (sPLM). This paper uses a systematic literature review and text-mining (C-value method) to categorise sPLM research into clusters, assess their integration at organisational levels, and evaluate the level’s maturity. Findings highlight a gap in operational sPLM research. Future studies should bridge the gap between theory and industrial application, enhance sPLM operationalisation, and explore emerging technologies’ impact on sPLM.
  • Publication
    Automated 2D-3D-Mapping and Assessment of Defects Obtained from 2D Image Detection on a 3D Model for Efficient Repair of Industrial Turbine Blades
    ( 2024)
    Joost, Robert
    ;
    Mönchinger, Stephan
    ;
    Engeländer, Lukas
    ;
    Lindow, Kai
    Manufacturing processes suited to repair worn-out machine parts are increasingly gaining traction in industrial practice. This evolution is driven by the desire to contribute to sustainable production by extending the lifetime of a part, and methods and machine tools have evolved in the last years, such that the refurbishment reaches equivalent quality compared to new parts. Yet, repair processes often remain too tedious and expensive to be profitable, and are therefore not put in practice. This could be prevented by increased efficiency and automation. In order to repair parts, the defects need to be detected and assessed. This task lies in the field of Reverse Engineering (RE). In the scope of repair and overhaul, RE aims to obtain data and models that can be fed to subsequent applications, such as path planning for additive manufacturing. This paper presents a highly automated process for defect inspection by the example of industrial turbine blades. The current process requires many analogue work steps and human intervention. The developed software processes defects obtained by AI-based image classification. It mainly consists of camera scene calibration, 3D pose estimation, and 2D-3D-mapping. The gained value is the new composition of existing technologies and their customization for turbine blades. Accuracy and computational duration are assessed. The presented method is able to enhance the reparation process and can be deployed to different applications and industries.
  • Publication
    Developing Digital Twins for energy efficiency in the production phase of products
    ( 2024)
    Wehking, Sebastian
    ;
    Riedelsheimer, Theresa
    ;
    Tanrikulu, Cansu
    ;
    Lindow, Kai
    The relevance of digital solutions to enable sustainable value creation, the monitoring and ultimately the reduction of the environmental footprint has increased. New information technologies and increased data availability along a product's lifecycle offer more tools to assess product sustainability than ever before. This paper presents how a Digital Twin needs to be designed to help monitor product-level energy efficiency and how such a Digital Twin can be implemented. State-of-the-art research on Digital Twins and their development, lifecycle assessment, and energy efficiency are introduced. There is a lack of evaluated implementations of methodical DT development in different scenarios, especially for the evaluation of product-level energy efficiency during production. Results of a research project with the focus on the development and implementation of Digital Twins are presented. The use case is set within the scenario of the sequential development of a product simultaneously with the development of the Digital Twin. The focus is put on the implementation of an energy consumption prediction and product carbon footprint analytics module as part of the Digital Twin. The development approach is presented and recommendations for the development of future Digital Twins are derived.
  • Publication
    New methodology for the characterization of 3D model reconstructions to meet conditions of input data and requirements of downstream applications
    ( 2024)
    Joost, Robert
    ;
    Mönchinger, Stephan
    ;
    Lindow, Kai
    In the field of 3D model reconstruction, manifold methods have been developed that derive CAD models from 3D scan data. Opposed to classical CAD modelling, where surface and solid modelling exist, a further diversification of modelling techniques is observed, caused by different methods to build up the geometry. This research introduces a new classification, the so-called Level of Complexities. It can be applied to the complete Reverse Engineering process chain and lays the foundation for further research on how to match requirements arising from all process steps and downstream applications.
  • Publication
    Conception and Requirements Identification of Gaia-X-Based Service Offerings
    ( 2023-08-10)
    Tanrikulu, Cansu
    ;
    Gogineni, Sonika
    ;
    Kondak, Konstantin
    ;
    Lindow, Kai
    Gaia-X is an initiative to develop the next generation of a secure and federated European data infrastructure to promote digital sovereignty for data exchange to fuel innovations. This paper introduces the basics of Gaia-X, in particular the mobility domain, followed by the federated system and its standards. In addition, a research methodology is presented to help conceptualize and derive requirements for service offerings on a Gaia-X-based data space. This is elaborated with a use case from the project "GAIA-X4 AMS" (Gaia-X4-Advanced Mobility Services), which reflects implementation in Gaia-X ecosystems and its added value.
  • Publication
    Sustainable product lifecycle management with Digital Twins: A systematic literature review
    ( 2023-07)
    Seegrün, Anne
    ;
    Kruschke, Thomas
    ;
    Mügge, Janine
    ;
    Hardinghaus, Louis
    ;
    Knauf, Tobias
    ;
    Riedelsheimer, Theresa
    ;
    Lindow, Kai
    A Digital Twin (DT) is a virtual replica of a product or product-service system, which can be used to provide transparency of a product's sustainability and to positively influence the ecological impact throughout its lifecycle by means of intelligent data analytics. This paper identifies current sustainability-focused application scenarios of DTs in the manufacturing industry and outlines the results of a systematic literature review (SLR). The identification of the state-of-the-art and the assessment of current DT concepts with regard to the addressed product lifecycle phases, technological maturity and sustainability scope point towards key directions to guide future research.
  • Publication
    Digital Twin for Circular Economy
    ( 2023-05)
    Mügge, Janine
    ;
    Riedelsheimer, Theresa
    ;
    Lindow, Kai
    Digital twins offer a promising approach to sustainable value creation by providing a specific data base for the monitoring and execution of circular economy strategies. By analyzing product, component and material as well as process data, it is possible to create transparency throughout a products lifecycle and address current challenges such as climate change and resource scarcity. The concept of a digital twin for circular economy enables to build a data-driven ecosystem and supports new business and value creation models from SMEs to large enterprises. This paper identifies application scenarios, their technological readiness level and challenges of digital twins for circular economy in the manufacturing industry based on a systematic literature review. As a second result, a generic concept of a digital twin for circular economy is presented.
  • Publication
    PLM und Digitalisierung als grüne Wegbereiter
    ( 2023-04-04)
    Seegrün, Anne
    ;
    Lindow, Kai
    ;
    Kirsch, Lucas
    Der Klimawandel bestimmt zunehmend den politischen und gesellschaftlichen Diskurs. Was kann die Industrie tun, um sich dieser Generationenherausforderung zu stellen? Fakt ist: Die Zeiten, in denen Nachhaltigkeit lediglich in der Strategie-Roadmap und als Absichtserklärung im Jahresbericht auftaucht, sind vorbei – jetzt geht es um Konkretisierung. Gut, dass die Digitalisierung helfen kann.