Tercero Espinoza, LuisLuisTercero EspinozaKroll, HenningHenningKrollStijepic, DenisDenisStijepicBettin, SteffenSteffenBettinFavreuille, SaskiaSaskiaFavreuilleMesbahi, ZahraZahraMesbahiUdrea, TitusTitusUdreaForsberg, Ellen-MarieEllen-MarieForsbergPauna, ValentinaValentinaPaunaBaxter, JohnJohnBaxterLadikas, MiltosMiltosLadikas2024-07-222024-07-222024978-92-848-1967-6https://publica.fraunhofer.de/handle/publica/47194910.2861/54343This study aims to illuminate the role of research and innovation (R&I) in ensuring a safe and sustainable supply of critical raw materials (CRM). It provides background information on CRMs, related EU policies, sustainability issues, and public controversy, tying all these in with their respective R&I needs. The study reviews the role of R&I and cooperation in securing the EU's raw material supply, highlighting the significance of R&I along the value chain and analysing patenting activities and international cooperation. It concludes by presenting 11 policy options on EU institutional and R&I capacities, international collaboration and legitimacy and regulation, assessing each against a list of dimensions (e.g. costs, benefits and feasibility).enstudy