Data model for KPI-based sustainability assessment of battery production and remanufacturing scenarios

Though batteries are of central future importance for climate friendly technologies, they cause significant environmental and economic costs over their entire product life cycle. These must be quantified in sustainability assessments for holistic evaluation for first and second life scenarios. Due to ageing and remanufacturing, product life cycles of individual batteries can vary greatly so that existing generic assessment methods are unsuitable. Therefore, this paper presents a data model for KPI-based sustainability assessments for individual batteries. The requirements are deductively derived from general KPI requirements in manufacturing and the KPI structure as well as KPI systems for sustainability assessments in production, enablers for circular economy in electric vehicle battery life cycles and use cases of the battery production, remanufacturing, and second-use scenarios. The resulting structure for a KPI set considers the data quality requirements for reliable and transparent assessments. This paper contributes to viable and comparable sustainability assessments regarding individual product life cycles.