Typologies and geographical effects of third workplaces in creative cities

Digitalisation and evolving work structures have increased the spatial flexibility of knowledge work, giving rise to alternative work environments known as Third Workplaces. Third Workplaces are emerging as dynamic hubs for creativity, collaboration, and knowledge exchange in urban context. The following research is based on a systematic literature review of 35 publications to analyse how Third Workplaces function as micro-level infrastructure within broader urban innovation ecosystems. The research proposes a new typology for Third Workplaces as well as the integration of the functionalities as the ‘fifth T’ in Florida´s Creative City framework by supporting informal creative networks.