Heuristic Optimization for Automated Low Voltage Grid Restructuring and Transformer Placement

In this paper, we present a multi-step methodology for determining optimized locations of additional medium voltage/low voltage distribution substations in existing grid structures. We utilize an heuristic optimization approach to search for the most cost-effective subset of possible locations and to restructure neighboring low voltage grid areas. The resulting grid structure supplies a rising power demand per area, while adhering to relevant topological and operational requirements. Thus, existing grid structures are densified by additional distribution substations and separated into more compact low voltage grids with shorter average line length. The methodology supports the system operator in the complex task of strengthening and restructuring interconnected low voltage grid areas, potentially accelerating the planning process.